NDAEB Exam Review Part 2 – Questions & Solutions A+
What portion of the mouth does the palate make up? Right Ans - Superior
portion of oral cavity as well as inferior portion of nasal cavity
Palate Right Ans - Roof of mouth
What portion of the mouth is the hard palate located? Right Ans - Anterior
portion
Hard palate consists of what tissue? Right Ans - Covered by a thin epithelial
(tissue) casing known as the oral mucosa
Oral Mucosa Right Ans - Made of sense, highly proliferating (growing)
tissue that allows it to regenerate quickly
Palatine Rugae Right Ans - Located in the area where the mucosa folds into
irregular ridges just behind the maxillary (upper jaw) anterior teeth
Pharynx Right Ans - Beginning of the throat
Nasopharynx Right Ans - Lies behind the nasal cavity. Extends from the
level of the junction of the hard and soft palates to the base of the skull
Oropharynx Right Ans - Lies behind the oral cavity, and extends from the
base of the tongue to the tonsils to the soft palate and the uvula
Laryngopharynx Right Ans - Lies directly posterior to the epiglottis and
extends to the larynx, where respiratory and digestive pathways diverge
Where is the soft palate located? Right Ans - Located posterior the hard
palate
What is the function of the soft palate? Right Ans - The function of the soft
palate is to aid in the process of swallowing
What happens to the soft palate when swallowing mechanism is initiated?
Right Ans - The soft palate moves up and back to cover the nasopharynx
,Uvula Right Ans - Muscular protuberance located at the edge of the soft
palate, at the center entrance of the throat
Tonsils Right Ans - Located near the soft palate on both sides of the
oropharynx
What is the purpose of the uvula and tonsils? Right Ans - They're composed
mainly of lymphatic tissue and assist the body in fighting infections
Epiglottis Right Ans - Keeps food from entering the larynx
Larynx Right Ans - Voice box
What is another term for the gag reflex? Right Ans - Pharyngeal reflex
How is the gag reflex triggered? Right Ans - By stimulus to the posterior
pharyngeal wall, tonsils, faucial arches, soft palate, or base of the tongue
What are the three functions of saliva? Right Ans - Aid in digestion through
enzymatic breakdown; facilitates swallowing; cleanses food debris away from
teeth and soft-tissue structures
Parotid Right Ans - Largest of the salivary glands
Where are the parotid glands located? Right Ans - Both sides of the oral
cavity, just in front of and below each ear extending to the lower angle of the
mandible and are contained within the soft tissues of the cheek
Describe saliva produced by parotid glands Right Ans - Liquid by nature,
mainly used for digestive purposes
Stensen's duct Right Ans - Parotid glands secrete saliva through this tubule
located just opposite of the maxillary second molar
Submandibular Glands Right Ans - Also known as "mixed glands" because
their saliva is a cross between a sticky mucous substance and a thin, liquid
serous consistency
Submandibular gland saliva is known as what? Right Ans - Mucoserous
,What is the submandibular gland's saliva used for, and where is it secreted?
Right Ans - Used for lubrication as well as digestion -- secreted through a duct
located in the posterior area of the tongue
Sublingual Glands Right Ans - They are the smallest of the three major
salivary glands
Where are sublingual glands located? Right Ans - In the lower anterior
floor of the mouth, one on either side of the tongue
What is the purpose of the sublingual glands? Right Ans - The main
function is to aid in digestion
Where are sublingual ducts located? Right Ans - Secretion from these
glands happens in the floor of the mouth, under the tongue
Minor Salivary Glands Right Ans - Located throughout oral cavity on buccal
(cheek) mucosa, palate, and lips
Why are the minor salivary glands known as ductless? Right Ans - They
secrete directly into the oral cavity without the use of any ducts
Tongue Right Ans - Has many functions: it's involved in speech, breathing,
tasting, and mastication
Describe the dorsal surface of the tongue Right Ans - Covered with a thick
epithelial casing -- Taste buds are found here, on the "dorsal epithelium"
Taste buds Right Ans - There are separate taste buds for different food
flavors: bitter, sweet, salty, and sour flavors
Describe the ventral surface of the tongue Right Ans - This is where the
tongue attaches to the floor of the mouth by the "lingual frenum" -- covered by
a very delicate and highly vascular epithelium
Frenum Right Ans - Or frenulum, is a loose fibrous connective tissue that's
covered by oral mucosa
, Maxillary Labial Frenum Right Ans - Located between the two front teeth,
known as the "central incisors"
Diastema Right Ans - When the frenum causes a space between the two
upper or lower central incisors
Mandibular Labial Frenum Right Ans - Located on the mandibular arch,
between the two lower central incisors
Mandibular Lingual Frenum Right Ans - Located underneath the tongue
Ankyloglossitis (Tongue-Tie) Right Ans - When the lingual frenum is short
and tight, partially restricting movement of the tongue
Frenulectomy Right Ans - Treatment for a tight frenum that interferes with
speech or eating -- it involves "releasing" the tongue
Buccal Frenum Right Ans - Found on both maxillary and mandibular arches
in the area of the first premolars
Where is the alveolar ridge located? Right Ans - Can be found in both the
maxillary and mandibular arches
What is the purpose of the alveolar ridge? Right Ans - It's the bony portion
of the upper and lower jaw, housing the tooth sockets
Describe the alveolar ridge Right Ans - This portion of the bone is
moderately dense and spongelike
Cortical Plate Right Ans - Supports the alveolar ridge, and has openings for
the passage of vessels and nerves
Lamina Dura Right Ans - A section of the alveolar ridge, lines the tooth
socket (surrounds the alveolar ridge)
Periodontal Ligament Right Ans - Soft tissue that surrounds the tooth's
root and connects it with the bone of the socket wall and is attached to the
lamina dura
What portion of the mouth does the palate make up? Right Ans - Superior
portion of oral cavity as well as inferior portion of nasal cavity
Palate Right Ans - Roof of mouth
What portion of the mouth is the hard palate located? Right Ans - Anterior
portion
Hard palate consists of what tissue? Right Ans - Covered by a thin epithelial
(tissue) casing known as the oral mucosa
Oral Mucosa Right Ans - Made of sense, highly proliferating (growing)
tissue that allows it to regenerate quickly
Palatine Rugae Right Ans - Located in the area where the mucosa folds into
irregular ridges just behind the maxillary (upper jaw) anterior teeth
Pharynx Right Ans - Beginning of the throat
Nasopharynx Right Ans - Lies behind the nasal cavity. Extends from the
level of the junction of the hard and soft palates to the base of the skull
Oropharynx Right Ans - Lies behind the oral cavity, and extends from the
base of the tongue to the tonsils to the soft palate and the uvula
Laryngopharynx Right Ans - Lies directly posterior to the epiglottis and
extends to the larynx, where respiratory and digestive pathways diverge
Where is the soft palate located? Right Ans - Located posterior the hard
palate
What is the function of the soft palate? Right Ans - The function of the soft
palate is to aid in the process of swallowing
What happens to the soft palate when swallowing mechanism is initiated?
Right Ans - The soft palate moves up and back to cover the nasopharynx
,Uvula Right Ans - Muscular protuberance located at the edge of the soft
palate, at the center entrance of the throat
Tonsils Right Ans - Located near the soft palate on both sides of the
oropharynx
What is the purpose of the uvula and tonsils? Right Ans - They're composed
mainly of lymphatic tissue and assist the body in fighting infections
Epiglottis Right Ans - Keeps food from entering the larynx
Larynx Right Ans - Voice box
What is another term for the gag reflex? Right Ans - Pharyngeal reflex
How is the gag reflex triggered? Right Ans - By stimulus to the posterior
pharyngeal wall, tonsils, faucial arches, soft palate, or base of the tongue
What are the three functions of saliva? Right Ans - Aid in digestion through
enzymatic breakdown; facilitates swallowing; cleanses food debris away from
teeth and soft-tissue structures
Parotid Right Ans - Largest of the salivary glands
Where are the parotid glands located? Right Ans - Both sides of the oral
cavity, just in front of and below each ear extending to the lower angle of the
mandible and are contained within the soft tissues of the cheek
Describe saliva produced by parotid glands Right Ans - Liquid by nature,
mainly used for digestive purposes
Stensen's duct Right Ans - Parotid glands secrete saliva through this tubule
located just opposite of the maxillary second molar
Submandibular Glands Right Ans - Also known as "mixed glands" because
their saliva is a cross between a sticky mucous substance and a thin, liquid
serous consistency
Submandibular gland saliva is known as what? Right Ans - Mucoserous
,What is the submandibular gland's saliva used for, and where is it secreted?
Right Ans - Used for lubrication as well as digestion -- secreted through a duct
located in the posterior area of the tongue
Sublingual Glands Right Ans - They are the smallest of the three major
salivary glands
Where are sublingual glands located? Right Ans - In the lower anterior
floor of the mouth, one on either side of the tongue
What is the purpose of the sublingual glands? Right Ans - The main
function is to aid in digestion
Where are sublingual ducts located? Right Ans - Secretion from these
glands happens in the floor of the mouth, under the tongue
Minor Salivary Glands Right Ans - Located throughout oral cavity on buccal
(cheek) mucosa, palate, and lips
Why are the minor salivary glands known as ductless? Right Ans - They
secrete directly into the oral cavity without the use of any ducts
Tongue Right Ans - Has many functions: it's involved in speech, breathing,
tasting, and mastication
Describe the dorsal surface of the tongue Right Ans - Covered with a thick
epithelial casing -- Taste buds are found here, on the "dorsal epithelium"
Taste buds Right Ans - There are separate taste buds for different food
flavors: bitter, sweet, salty, and sour flavors
Describe the ventral surface of the tongue Right Ans - This is where the
tongue attaches to the floor of the mouth by the "lingual frenum" -- covered by
a very delicate and highly vascular epithelium
Frenum Right Ans - Or frenulum, is a loose fibrous connective tissue that's
covered by oral mucosa
, Maxillary Labial Frenum Right Ans - Located between the two front teeth,
known as the "central incisors"
Diastema Right Ans - When the frenum causes a space between the two
upper or lower central incisors
Mandibular Labial Frenum Right Ans - Located on the mandibular arch,
between the two lower central incisors
Mandibular Lingual Frenum Right Ans - Located underneath the tongue
Ankyloglossitis (Tongue-Tie) Right Ans - When the lingual frenum is short
and tight, partially restricting movement of the tongue
Frenulectomy Right Ans - Treatment for a tight frenum that interferes with
speech or eating -- it involves "releasing" the tongue
Buccal Frenum Right Ans - Found on both maxillary and mandibular arches
in the area of the first premolars
Where is the alveolar ridge located? Right Ans - Can be found in both the
maxillary and mandibular arches
What is the purpose of the alveolar ridge? Right Ans - It's the bony portion
of the upper and lower jaw, housing the tooth sockets
Describe the alveolar ridge Right Ans - This portion of the bone is
moderately dense and spongelike
Cortical Plate Right Ans - Supports the alveolar ridge, and has openings for
the passage of vessels and nerves
Lamina Dura Right Ans - A section of the alveolar ridge, lines the tooth
socket (surrounds the alveolar ridge)
Periodontal Ligament Right Ans - Soft tissue that surrounds the tooth's
root and connects it with the bone of the socket wall and is attached to the
lamina dura
