NDAEB Exam Review Part 4 – Questions & Detailed
Answers
Aerobes Right Ans - Bacteria that require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes (AN-uh-roebz) Right Ans - Bacteria that grow in the absence of
oxygen
Bacilli (singular,bacillus) Right Ans - Rod shaped bacteria that cause
tuberculosis and other diseases
Candida Right Ans - A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity,
gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract and sometimes in skin
Chancre Right Ans - Painless ulcerating sore
Cocci Right Ans - Spherical bacteria cells that reproduce by dividing into
two
Endospores Right Ans - A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of
some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions
Gram negative Right Ans - Classification of bacteria that do not hold a dye
stain under a microscope
Gram positive Right Ans - Classification of bacteria that hold a dye stain
and appear dark purple under a microscpoe
Grams stain Right Ans - Four step staining process developed by Hans
Christian Gram and used to separate bacteria into groups
Herpesvirus Right Ans - Virus that causes infections in humans, such as
herpes, cytomegalovirus, chicken pox, shingles, mononucleosis, measles
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus Right Ans - Type of staph
infection that is resistant to several common antibiotics
,Percutaneous Right Ans - Through the skin such as a needle stick, a cut, or
a human bite
Spirochetes Right Ans - Spiral shaped bacteria
Virus Right Ans - Ultramicroscopic infectious agents that contain DNA or
RNA
Hepatitis
(Source of Virus, Route of Transmission, Prevention) Right Ans - A- Fecal
oral, No Vaccine
B-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, Yes Immunization
C-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, Preform bold
donor screening, modify risky behaviour
D-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, HBV vaccine
E-Fecal oral, Ensure safe drinking water
Symptoms of Hepatitis A,B,C Right Ans - Fatigue, loss of appetite, Nausea,
abdominal discomfort, dark urine, clay coloured bowel movements, yellowing
of the skin (jaundice)
Herpes.
Type 1
Type 2
Herpes zoster virus (HZV) Right Ans - Type 1- causes primarily oral lesions
Type 2- causes primarily genital lesions
HZV- causes shingles, and chicken pox
Syphilis Right Ans - STD caused by Treponema palladium spirochetes.
1st stage-Presence of painless chancre (infectious on contact).
2nd stage-Comes an open sore (infectious). signs are split papule at the
corners of the mouth, Greyish-white moist mucous patches on the tongue, roof
of mouth, tonsils or inner surfaces of the lips.
3rd stage- latent syphilis is usually fatal and may occur after the disease has
been dominant for 20 years.
Acute infection Right Ans - infection of short duration that is often severe
Chronic infection Right Ans - A infection of long duration
,Droplet infection Right Ans - An infection occurs through musical surfaces
of the eyes, nose or mouth
Indirect contact Right Ans - Touching or contact with a contaminated
surface or instrument
Latent Infection Right Ans - Persistant infection with recurrent symptoms
that come and go
Chain of infection Right Ans - 1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Mode of transmission
5) Portal of entry
6) Susceptible host
Antiseptic Right Ans - Used for antimicrobial (organism killing) agents that
are applied to living tissue
Disinfectant Right Ans - Are chemicals that destroy or inactivate most
species of pathogenic (disease causing) microorganisms
7 Steps in Reprocessing instruments Right Ans - 1) Transport
2) Cleaning
3) Packaging
4) Sterilization
5) Storage
6) Delivery
7) Quality
Critical instruments Right Ans - Touch bone or penetrate soft tissue
Semi Critical instruments Right Ans - Touch mucous membrane but will
not touch bone or penetrate soft tissue
Non Critical instruments Right Ans - Contact only with intact skin
, American Dental Assistants Association (ADAA) Right Ans - The
professional organization of dental assistants in the United States.
American Dental Association (ADA) Right Ans - Profesional organization
for dentists
ADHA Right Ans - Organization for Hygienists
Centres or Disease and Control Prevention (CDC) Right Ans - Federal
agency that is non regulatory and that issues recommendation on heath and
safety
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Right Ans - Responsible for
protecting and restoring the environment and public health through
environment laws
Food and Drug Admin (FDA) Right Ans - Regulates food,drugs, medical
devices.
NIOSH Right Ans - Non regulatory and provides national and worldwide
leadership to prevent work related illness and injuries
OSHA Right Ans - inspections may occur when employee or patient
complain is made, randomly in an office over 11 employees, upon request of
the DDS
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome Right Ans - Pain associated with continued
flexion and extension of the wrist
Cumulative Trauma disorders (CTD) Right Ans - Painful condition that
results from ongoing stresses to muscles, tendons, nerves, and joints
Musculoskeletal disorders Right Ans - Painful conditions that affect both
muscles and bones, such as neck or back pain and carpel tunnel syndrome
Thenar eminence (THEE-nar EH-meh-nents_ Right Ans - Fleshy mound on
the palm at the base of the thumb
Answers
Aerobes Right Ans - Bacteria that require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes (AN-uh-roebz) Right Ans - Bacteria that grow in the absence of
oxygen
Bacilli (singular,bacillus) Right Ans - Rod shaped bacteria that cause
tuberculosis and other diseases
Candida Right Ans - A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity,
gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract and sometimes in skin
Chancre Right Ans - Painless ulcerating sore
Cocci Right Ans - Spherical bacteria cells that reproduce by dividing into
two
Endospores Right Ans - A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of
some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions
Gram negative Right Ans - Classification of bacteria that do not hold a dye
stain under a microscope
Gram positive Right Ans - Classification of bacteria that hold a dye stain
and appear dark purple under a microscpoe
Grams stain Right Ans - Four step staining process developed by Hans
Christian Gram and used to separate bacteria into groups
Herpesvirus Right Ans - Virus that causes infections in humans, such as
herpes, cytomegalovirus, chicken pox, shingles, mononucleosis, measles
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus Right Ans - Type of staph
infection that is resistant to several common antibiotics
,Percutaneous Right Ans - Through the skin such as a needle stick, a cut, or
a human bite
Spirochetes Right Ans - Spiral shaped bacteria
Virus Right Ans - Ultramicroscopic infectious agents that contain DNA or
RNA
Hepatitis
(Source of Virus, Route of Transmission, Prevention) Right Ans - A- Fecal
oral, No Vaccine
B-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, Yes Immunization
C-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, Preform bold
donor screening, modify risky behaviour
D-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, HBV vaccine
E-Fecal oral, Ensure safe drinking water
Symptoms of Hepatitis A,B,C Right Ans - Fatigue, loss of appetite, Nausea,
abdominal discomfort, dark urine, clay coloured bowel movements, yellowing
of the skin (jaundice)
Herpes.
Type 1
Type 2
Herpes zoster virus (HZV) Right Ans - Type 1- causes primarily oral lesions
Type 2- causes primarily genital lesions
HZV- causes shingles, and chicken pox
Syphilis Right Ans - STD caused by Treponema palladium spirochetes.
1st stage-Presence of painless chancre (infectious on contact).
2nd stage-Comes an open sore (infectious). signs are split papule at the
corners of the mouth, Greyish-white moist mucous patches on the tongue, roof
of mouth, tonsils or inner surfaces of the lips.
3rd stage- latent syphilis is usually fatal and may occur after the disease has
been dominant for 20 years.
Acute infection Right Ans - infection of short duration that is often severe
Chronic infection Right Ans - A infection of long duration
,Droplet infection Right Ans - An infection occurs through musical surfaces
of the eyes, nose or mouth
Indirect contact Right Ans - Touching or contact with a contaminated
surface or instrument
Latent Infection Right Ans - Persistant infection with recurrent symptoms
that come and go
Chain of infection Right Ans - 1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Mode of transmission
5) Portal of entry
6) Susceptible host
Antiseptic Right Ans - Used for antimicrobial (organism killing) agents that
are applied to living tissue
Disinfectant Right Ans - Are chemicals that destroy or inactivate most
species of pathogenic (disease causing) microorganisms
7 Steps in Reprocessing instruments Right Ans - 1) Transport
2) Cleaning
3) Packaging
4) Sterilization
5) Storage
6) Delivery
7) Quality
Critical instruments Right Ans - Touch bone or penetrate soft tissue
Semi Critical instruments Right Ans - Touch mucous membrane but will
not touch bone or penetrate soft tissue
Non Critical instruments Right Ans - Contact only with intact skin
, American Dental Assistants Association (ADAA) Right Ans - The
professional organization of dental assistants in the United States.
American Dental Association (ADA) Right Ans - Profesional organization
for dentists
ADHA Right Ans - Organization for Hygienists
Centres or Disease and Control Prevention (CDC) Right Ans - Federal
agency that is non regulatory and that issues recommendation on heath and
safety
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Right Ans - Responsible for
protecting and restoring the environment and public health through
environment laws
Food and Drug Admin (FDA) Right Ans - Regulates food,drugs, medical
devices.
NIOSH Right Ans - Non regulatory and provides national and worldwide
leadership to prevent work related illness and injuries
OSHA Right Ans - inspections may occur when employee or patient
complain is made, randomly in an office over 11 employees, upon request of
the DDS
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome Right Ans - Pain associated with continued
flexion and extension of the wrist
Cumulative Trauma disorders (CTD) Right Ans - Painful condition that
results from ongoing stresses to muscles, tendons, nerves, and joints
Musculoskeletal disorders Right Ans - Painful conditions that affect both
muscles and bones, such as neck or back pain and carpel tunnel syndrome
Thenar eminence (THEE-nar EH-meh-nents_ Right Ans - Fleshy mound on
the palm at the base of the thumb
