Quick notes on Osteoarthritis

### Osteoarthritis (OA) Summary **Definition:** Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease marked by cartilage breakdown, causing pain and stiffness. **Pathophysiology:** - Cartilage deteriorates, leading to bone-on-bone contact. - Formation of bone spurs and mild inflammation may occur. **Risk Factors:** - Age, obesity, genetics, joint injuries, and repetitive stress. **Symptoms:** - Joint pain (worsens with activity), stiffness (especially after rest), swelling, reduced flexibility, and crepitus (grating sound). **Diagnosis:** - Clinical examination and imaging (X-rays or MRI). **Management:** - Lifestyle changes (weight management, exercise), medications (analgesics, NSAIDs), injections, and surgery for severe cases. **Prevention:** Maintain a healthy weight, stay active, and avoid injuries to reduce risk.