04.
Environmental Conservation and Biodiversity:
Most harmful effect of the environmental pollution occurs on the living organisms.
Biodiversity is the richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of varieties of
organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species.
Biodiversity occurs at three different levels.
1. Genetic Diversity
2. Species Diversity
3. Ecosystem Diversity
1) Genetic Diversity:
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity.
Ex. Each human being is different from other.
Possibility of wiping out the species arises if there is decrease in the diversity within the
species whose members involve in sexual reproduction.
2) Species Diversity:
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species diversity.
Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes.
3) Ecosystem Diversity: (depends on their habitat)
Many ecosystems are present in each region.
Ecosystem is formed through the interaction between plants, animals, their habitat and
changes in the environment.
Each ecosystem has its own characteristic animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors.
Ecosystems are also of two types are natural and artificial.
Conservation of biodiversity:
1. Protecting the rare species of organisms.
2. Establishing national parks and sanctuaries.
3. Declaring some regions as ‘bioreserves’.
4. Projects for conservation of special species.
5. Conserving all plants and animals.
6. Observing the rules.
7. Maintaining record of traditional knowledge
Environmental Conservation and Biodiversity:
Most harmful effect of the environmental pollution occurs on the living organisms.
Biodiversity is the richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of varieties of
organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species.
Biodiversity occurs at three different levels.
1. Genetic Diversity
2. Species Diversity
3. Ecosystem Diversity
1) Genetic Diversity:
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity.
Ex. Each human being is different from other.
Possibility of wiping out the species arises if there is decrease in the diversity within the
species whose members involve in sexual reproduction.
2) Species Diversity:
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species diversity.
Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes.
3) Ecosystem Diversity: (depends on their habitat)
Many ecosystems are present in each region.
Ecosystem is formed through the interaction between plants, animals, their habitat and
changes in the environment.
Each ecosystem has its own characteristic animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors.
Ecosystems are also of two types are natural and artificial.
Conservation of biodiversity:
1. Protecting the rare species of organisms.
2. Establishing national parks and sanctuaries.
3. Declaring some regions as ‘bioreserves’.
4. Projects for conservation of special species.
5. Conserving all plants and animals.
6. Observing the rules.
7. Maintaining record of traditional knowledge
