N. 640 ENT and Respiratory questions with correct
answers
Acute vs Chronic Cough Correct Answer-Acute: Self-limited, <3 weeks
Chronic: Persistent, >3 weeks
Possible Hemoptysis Etiology Correct Answer-Bronchitis
Malignancy
TB
Pneumonia
Abscess
PE
Vascular lesions
Diagnostics for dyspnea Correct Answer-H&P
CXR
Spirometry
ECG as needed
Pulmonary function tests
Labs: CBC, TSH, BMP
,Acute Bronchitis definition Correct Answer-Lower respiratory infection
without pneumonia or in presence of COPD
Inflammation of trachea and bronchi
Often follows development of typical "cold" symptoms
Acute Bronchitis symptoms Correct Answer-Cough >5 days (usual 1-3
weeks)
Hoarseness
Nonpleuritic substernal chest pain
Low grade fever
Post nasal drip
Pharynx may be injected
Rhonchi, wheezing
Purulent sputum MAY be present (nonspecific, not predictive of
bacterial infection)
Acute Bronchitis Treatment Correct Answer-Fluids and Rest
Smoking cessation
Inhaled bronchodilators: Albuteral 2 puffs Q4H PRN
Cough suppressants: Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Tessalon perles,
hydromorphone or codeine
Pertussis definition Correct Answer-Whooping Cough
, Prolonged bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract with
paroxysm of intense cough
Transmission: Aerosolized droplets
Pertussis stages Correct Answer-Incubation period: 7-10 days (up to 21
days)
1st stage (catarrhal stage): similar to minor URI, nonspecific cough, low
grade fever
2nd stage (paroxysmal stage): lasts 1 to 6 weeks, bursts of cough,
vomiting and exhaustion to follow, cough worse at night
Convalescent phase: cough becomes less paroxysmal, resolves in 2-3
weeks
Pertussis diagnostics Correct Answer-Dx: cough lasting at least 2 weeks
with paroxysmal cough, inspiratory whooping, post-tussive emesis
Tests: culture and PCR, WBC (increased with marked lymphocytosis)
Pertussis Treatment:
answers
Acute vs Chronic Cough Correct Answer-Acute: Self-limited, <3 weeks
Chronic: Persistent, >3 weeks
Possible Hemoptysis Etiology Correct Answer-Bronchitis
Malignancy
TB
Pneumonia
Abscess
PE
Vascular lesions
Diagnostics for dyspnea Correct Answer-H&P
CXR
Spirometry
ECG as needed
Pulmonary function tests
Labs: CBC, TSH, BMP
,Acute Bronchitis definition Correct Answer-Lower respiratory infection
without pneumonia or in presence of COPD
Inflammation of trachea and bronchi
Often follows development of typical "cold" symptoms
Acute Bronchitis symptoms Correct Answer-Cough >5 days (usual 1-3
weeks)
Hoarseness
Nonpleuritic substernal chest pain
Low grade fever
Post nasal drip
Pharynx may be injected
Rhonchi, wheezing
Purulent sputum MAY be present (nonspecific, not predictive of
bacterial infection)
Acute Bronchitis Treatment Correct Answer-Fluids and Rest
Smoking cessation
Inhaled bronchodilators: Albuteral 2 puffs Q4H PRN
Cough suppressants: Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Tessalon perles,
hydromorphone or codeine
Pertussis definition Correct Answer-Whooping Cough
, Prolonged bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract with
paroxysm of intense cough
Transmission: Aerosolized droplets
Pertussis stages Correct Answer-Incubation period: 7-10 days (up to 21
days)
1st stage (catarrhal stage): similar to minor URI, nonspecific cough, low
grade fever
2nd stage (paroxysmal stage): lasts 1 to 6 weeks, bursts of cough,
vomiting and exhaustion to follow, cough worse at night
Convalescent phase: cough becomes less paroxysmal, resolves in 2-3
weeks
Pertussis diagnostics Correct Answer-Dx: cough lasting at least 2 weeks
with paroxysmal cough, inspiratory whooping, post-tussive emesis
Tests: culture and PCR, WBC (increased with marked lymphocytosis)
Pertussis Treatment:
