ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS COMBINED WRITTEN
BOARDS EXAM 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
TESTBANK 500 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS) / ALREADY
GRADED A+
a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what
motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion - ANSWER: A. Knee extension
what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus? - ANSWER: the femoral nerve
what is the primary flexor of the hip? - ANSWER: Iliopsoas
paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve? -
ANSWER: common peroneal nerve
toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle - ANSWER: Equinus
deformity
what is a cycle of gait defined as? - ANSWER: heel strike on one limb and a
subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis - ANSWER: C. Line of progression
what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at? - ANSWER:
subtalar joint
what bones make up the talocrural joint? - ANSWER: talus, tibia, fibula
what motion occurs in the talocrural joint? - ANSWER: dorsiflexion and plantar
flexion
essentially a hinge type joint
what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle? - ANSWER: resist
over-eversion of the foot
,what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle? - ANSWER: resist
over-inversion of the foot
what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle? - ANSWER: tibialis anterior,
extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus
what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle? - ANSWER: gastrocnemius,
soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis
what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka talocalcaneal joint) - ANSWER: talus and
calcaneus
what joints make up the midtarsal joint? - ANSWER: talonavicular, calcaneocuboid
what makes up the talonavicular joint? - ANSWER: the anterior talar head and the
concavity on the navicular
what makes up the calcaneocuboid joint? - ANSWER: the anterior facet of the
calcaneus and the posterior cuboid
what are the Chopart joints? - ANSWER: midtarsal joints (talonavicular and
calcaneocuboid)
what are the Lisfranc joints? - ANSWER: tarsometatarsal joints
what makes up the medial column of the tarsometatarsal joints? - ANSWER: 1st
metatarsal and medial cuneiform
what makes up the middle column of the tarsometatarsal joints? - ANSWER: 2nd and
3rd metatarsal and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms
what makes up the lateral tarsometatarsal joints? - ANSWER: 4th and 5th
metatarsals and the cuboid
what motions are produced at the subtalar joint? - ANSWER: inversion and eversion,
dorsiflexion an plantar flexion
what motions are produced at the midtarsal joint? - ANSWER: inversion and
eversion. flexion and extension
what motions are produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints? - ANSWER: flexion
and extension, abduction and adduction
what motions are produced at the IP joints? - ANSWER: flexion and extension
a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
,B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side - ANSWER: D. shortened step length
on contralateral side
what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? - ANSWER: (posterior lower leg
muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus,
flexor hallucis longus
what is the C3 myotome - ANSWER: cervical lateral flexion
what is the C4 myotome - ANSWER: shoulder elevation
what is the C5 myotome - ANSWER: shoulder abduction
what is the C6 myotome - ANSWER: elbow flexion, wrist extension
what is the C7 myotome - ANSWER: elbow extension, wrist flexion
what is the C8 myotome - ANSWER: thumb extension, finger flexion
what is the T1 myotome - ANSWER: finger abduction and adduction
what is the L2 myotome - ANSWER: hip flexion
what is the L3 myotome - ANSWER: knee extension
what is the L4 myotome - ANSWER: ankle DF
what is the L5 myotome - ANSWER: great toe extension
what is the S1 myotome - ANSWER: PF, eversion, hip extension
what is the S2 myotome - ANSWER: knee flexion, PF
a developmental disorder of the spine
abnormal growth of the thoracic spine
anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the posterior
portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis - ANSWER: Scheuermann's Disease
-growth disorder of the tibia
-characterized by inward bowing of the lower leg that worsens over time
-tibia vara - ANSWER: Blount's disease (osteochondrosis deformans tibiae)
-avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head resulting from compromise of the
tenuous blood supply to this area
, -usually occurs in children aged 4-10 years old
-may occur after an injury to the hip
-typically unilateral - ANSWER: Leg-Calve-Perthes Disease
at which part of gait are the most number of muscles active? - ANSWER: Heel strike
(initial contact)
For correction of genu valgum, forces should be applied over the:
A. lateral condyle of the femur, lateral aspect of the foot and the head of the fibula
B. Lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and medial condyle of the
femur
C. Anterior thigh poplitial fossa and dorsal surface of the foot
D. perineum, dial aspect of the foot and lateral condyle of the femur
E. medial condyle of the femur, medial aspect of the foot and the head of the tibia -
ANSWER: B. lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and the medial
condyle of the femur
the purpose of measuring external rotation of the ankle joint is to:
A. determine total amount of internal rotation of the tibia in a normal adult
B. allow for toe out
C. determine amount of anterior deflection of the lateral sidebar
D. insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the anatomical ankle axis in
the transverse plane
D. insure that the medial and lateral mechanical ankle axes are parallel in the coronal
plane - ANSWER: D. insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the
anatomical ankle axis in the transverse plane
what is the maximum acceptable malalignment of a tibial fracture that can be
managed with an off the shelf fracture orthosis?
A. 5 degrees of valgus/varus, 30 degrees of anterior-posterior angulation
B. no more than 5 degrees of varus/valgus, 10 degrees of AP angulation
C. 10 degrees of varus/valgus, 20 degrees of AP angulation
D. 10 degrees of valgus, 30 degrees of AP angulation - ANSWER: C. 10 degrees of
varus or valgus, 20 degrees of anterior posterior angulation
for most patients with paraplegia to stand in KAFOs they must be allowed to rest on
their iliofemoral ligaments. In order to facilitate this posture, how should the tibias
be posistioned sagittally in relationship to the ground? - ANSWER: A few degrees of
relative DF
congenital osteoporosis, along with fractures before and during birth is indicative of
which condition - ANSWER: osteogenesis imperfecta
-non-progressive condition characterized by multiple joint contractures and involves
muscle weakness
-found at birth
BOARDS EXAM 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
TESTBANK 500 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS) / ALREADY
GRADED A+
a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what
motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion - ANSWER: A. Knee extension
what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus? - ANSWER: the femoral nerve
what is the primary flexor of the hip? - ANSWER: Iliopsoas
paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve? -
ANSWER: common peroneal nerve
toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle - ANSWER: Equinus
deformity
what is a cycle of gait defined as? - ANSWER: heel strike on one limb and a
subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis - ANSWER: C. Line of progression
what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at? - ANSWER:
subtalar joint
what bones make up the talocrural joint? - ANSWER: talus, tibia, fibula
what motion occurs in the talocrural joint? - ANSWER: dorsiflexion and plantar
flexion
essentially a hinge type joint
what is the primary action of the medial ligament of the ankle? - ANSWER: resist
over-eversion of the foot
,what is the primary action of the lateral ligament of the ankle? - ANSWER: resist
over-inversion of the foot
what muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle? - ANSWER: tibialis anterior,
extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus
what muscles produce plantarflexion of the ankle? - ANSWER: gastrocnemius,
soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis
what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka talocalcaneal joint) - ANSWER: talus and
calcaneus
what joints make up the midtarsal joint? - ANSWER: talonavicular, calcaneocuboid
what makes up the talonavicular joint? - ANSWER: the anterior talar head and the
concavity on the navicular
what makes up the calcaneocuboid joint? - ANSWER: the anterior facet of the
calcaneus and the posterior cuboid
what are the Chopart joints? - ANSWER: midtarsal joints (talonavicular and
calcaneocuboid)
what are the Lisfranc joints? - ANSWER: tarsometatarsal joints
what makes up the medial column of the tarsometatarsal joints? - ANSWER: 1st
metatarsal and medial cuneiform
what makes up the middle column of the tarsometatarsal joints? - ANSWER: 2nd and
3rd metatarsal and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms
what makes up the lateral tarsometatarsal joints? - ANSWER: 4th and 5th
metatarsals and the cuboid
what motions are produced at the subtalar joint? - ANSWER: inversion and eversion,
dorsiflexion an plantar flexion
what motions are produced at the midtarsal joint? - ANSWER: inversion and
eversion. flexion and extension
what motions are produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints? - ANSWER: flexion
and extension, abduction and adduction
what motions are produced at the IP joints? - ANSWER: flexion and extension
a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
,B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side - ANSWER: D. shortened step length
on contralateral side
what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? - ANSWER: (posterior lower leg
muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus,
flexor hallucis longus
what is the C3 myotome - ANSWER: cervical lateral flexion
what is the C4 myotome - ANSWER: shoulder elevation
what is the C5 myotome - ANSWER: shoulder abduction
what is the C6 myotome - ANSWER: elbow flexion, wrist extension
what is the C7 myotome - ANSWER: elbow extension, wrist flexion
what is the C8 myotome - ANSWER: thumb extension, finger flexion
what is the T1 myotome - ANSWER: finger abduction and adduction
what is the L2 myotome - ANSWER: hip flexion
what is the L3 myotome - ANSWER: knee extension
what is the L4 myotome - ANSWER: ankle DF
what is the L5 myotome - ANSWER: great toe extension
what is the S1 myotome - ANSWER: PF, eversion, hip extension
what is the S2 myotome - ANSWER: knee flexion, PF
a developmental disorder of the spine
abnormal growth of the thoracic spine
anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the posterior
portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis - ANSWER: Scheuermann's Disease
-growth disorder of the tibia
-characterized by inward bowing of the lower leg that worsens over time
-tibia vara - ANSWER: Blount's disease (osteochondrosis deformans tibiae)
-avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head resulting from compromise of the
tenuous blood supply to this area
, -usually occurs in children aged 4-10 years old
-may occur after an injury to the hip
-typically unilateral - ANSWER: Leg-Calve-Perthes Disease
at which part of gait are the most number of muscles active? - ANSWER: Heel strike
(initial contact)
For correction of genu valgum, forces should be applied over the:
A. lateral condyle of the femur, lateral aspect of the foot and the head of the fibula
B. Lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and medial condyle of the
femur
C. Anterior thigh poplitial fossa and dorsal surface of the foot
D. perineum, dial aspect of the foot and lateral condyle of the femur
E. medial condyle of the femur, medial aspect of the foot and the head of the tibia -
ANSWER: B. lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and the medial
condyle of the femur
the purpose of measuring external rotation of the ankle joint is to:
A. determine total amount of internal rotation of the tibia in a normal adult
B. allow for toe out
C. determine amount of anterior deflection of the lateral sidebar
D. insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the anatomical ankle axis in
the transverse plane
D. insure that the medial and lateral mechanical ankle axes are parallel in the coronal
plane - ANSWER: D. insure that the mechanical ankle axis coincides with the
anatomical ankle axis in the transverse plane
what is the maximum acceptable malalignment of a tibial fracture that can be
managed with an off the shelf fracture orthosis?
A. 5 degrees of valgus/varus, 30 degrees of anterior-posterior angulation
B. no more than 5 degrees of varus/valgus, 10 degrees of AP angulation
C. 10 degrees of varus/valgus, 20 degrees of AP angulation
D. 10 degrees of valgus, 30 degrees of AP angulation - ANSWER: C. 10 degrees of
varus or valgus, 20 degrees of anterior posterior angulation
for most patients with paraplegia to stand in KAFOs they must be allowed to rest on
their iliofemoral ligaments. In order to facilitate this posture, how should the tibias
be posistioned sagittally in relationship to the ground? - ANSWER: A few degrees of
relative DF
congenital osteoporosis, along with fractures before and during birth is indicative of
which condition - ANSWER: osteogenesis imperfecta
-non-progressive condition characterized by multiple joint contractures and involves
muscle weakness
-found at birth
