Integumentary Exam questions with
verified answers
Vitamin C - correct answer ✔✔helps with the synthesis of new collagen and capillaries
Inflammatory response - correct answer ✔✔1. Vascular response- brief vasoconstriction which stops any
bleeding. Vasodilation, brings blood to the area (hyperemia) and WBC's to eat up bad stuff, resulting in
edema from the blood and extra fluid in the area
2. Cellular Response
3. Formation of exudate
4. Healing
Vascular Response to inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Cell injury- arterioles briefly vasoconstrict>>
stopping bleeding, chemical mediators cause vasodilation>>causes hyperemia, and increase WBC's,
serous fluid and albumin move into tissues causing edema and increased capillary permeability
Fibrinogen is activated to fibrin- causing a mesh strengthens clot formed by platelets
Clot- traps bacteria and prevents spread, growth factors initiate healing process
Edema- Inflammatory response - correct answer ✔✔warmth, redness, swelling
Cellular Response to inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Chemotaxis of WBC's directly to site of injury
1. Neutrophils- First to arrive at the injury site, come and die quickly 24-48 hrs. Phagocytize bacteria, Cell
debris accumulates as pus. Increased segmented (mature) neutrophils, and bands (immature
neutrophils). "Shift to the left"= increased number of band neutrophils
2. Monocytes- Pacman, do cleansing and transform into macrophages. Play a key role in the healing
process.
3. Lymphocytes- arrive later. humoral and cell mediated immunity
,Thromboxane- chemical mediator - correct answer ✔✔produced from arachidonic acid.
vasoconstrictor, causes pallor.
Platelets aggregate, promoting clot formation
Leukotrienes- chemical mediator - correct answer ✔✔produced from arachidonic acid. causes
bronchoconstriction (airway) narrowing and increased capillary permeability leading to airway edema.
Reacts to anaphylaxis.
Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Drainage consisting of fluid and leukocytes that move from circulation to
site of injury
Serous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Clear, watery
inside of Skin Blisters, Pericarditis, pleural effusion
Serous Sanguinous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔mixture of watery and blood, semi- clear, pink color,
seen in surgical drain
Sanguinous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔all bloody exudate i.e blood on a dressing
Fibrinous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Increase amount of fibrinogen, scar tissue adhesions following
surgery, gelatinous ribbons seen in surgical drain tubing
Catarrhal Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Cloudy mucus
Runny nose with Common cold
purulent exudate - correct answer ✔✔Yellow or Green, Pus. Opaque discharge
Abscesses, furuncles, Boils, Cellulitis, liquified dead cells
Hemorrhagic Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Presence of RBC's, actively bleeding, hematoma
, Local infection - correct answer ✔✔Right at the site. Red, heat, pain, swelling, loss of function. WBC's
flood to it
Systemic Infection - correct answer ✔✔Fever, whole body, not just one spot. Increased WBC, "shift to
the left" bands take over for segs, malaise, nausea and anorexia, increased tachycardia and tachypnea
Fever- Inflammatory Response - correct answer ✔✔Body increases heat production to reach new set
point. Person shivers trying to bring body temp up yet, body is hot.
Fever triggers defense mechanism- kills microorganisms, increased phagocytosis, increased t cells.
Normal temp= 98.6 (37C)
101.1 before we give IBprofen. Fever of 103 is ok unless they are pediatric or geriatric
104 is concerning, delirium and seizures.
Alternate acetemeniphen and ibprofen to lower setpoint. We want to go from hyperthermic to
normothermic. We do not want fever to go down too quickly, we do not want person to shiver bc fever
will go back up
Fever with Immunocompromised Person - correct answer ✔✔Do not usually display a fever, even when
they are sick. If they are showing signs of fever they have gone past what they can handle and are septic.
They will say the don't feel well. Place on neutropenic precautions, protecting patient from us
Acute Inflammation - correct answer ✔✔bee sting, dust, ingrown toenail, flu
Last 2-3 weeks
Predominant cells: Neutrophils
Tx: antifungals, NSAIDS, antibiotics
Subacute Inflammation - correct answer ✔✔i.e. endocarditis (inner lining of heart)
Same features as acute inflammation but persists longer
verified answers
Vitamin C - correct answer ✔✔helps with the synthesis of new collagen and capillaries
Inflammatory response - correct answer ✔✔1. Vascular response- brief vasoconstriction which stops any
bleeding. Vasodilation, brings blood to the area (hyperemia) and WBC's to eat up bad stuff, resulting in
edema from the blood and extra fluid in the area
2. Cellular Response
3. Formation of exudate
4. Healing
Vascular Response to inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Cell injury- arterioles briefly vasoconstrict>>
stopping bleeding, chemical mediators cause vasodilation>>causes hyperemia, and increase WBC's,
serous fluid and albumin move into tissues causing edema and increased capillary permeability
Fibrinogen is activated to fibrin- causing a mesh strengthens clot formed by platelets
Clot- traps bacteria and prevents spread, growth factors initiate healing process
Edema- Inflammatory response - correct answer ✔✔warmth, redness, swelling
Cellular Response to inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Chemotaxis of WBC's directly to site of injury
1. Neutrophils- First to arrive at the injury site, come and die quickly 24-48 hrs. Phagocytize bacteria, Cell
debris accumulates as pus. Increased segmented (mature) neutrophils, and bands (immature
neutrophils). "Shift to the left"= increased number of band neutrophils
2. Monocytes- Pacman, do cleansing and transform into macrophages. Play a key role in the healing
process.
3. Lymphocytes- arrive later. humoral and cell mediated immunity
,Thromboxane- chemical mediator - correct answer ✔✔produced from arachidonic acid.
vasoconstrictor, causes pallor.
Platelets aggregate, promoting clot formation
Leukotrienes- chemical mediator - correct answer ✔✔produced from arachidonic acid. causes
bronchoconstriction (airway) narrowing and increased capillary permeability leading to airway edema.
Reacts to anaphylaxis.
Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Drainage consisting of fluid and leukocytes that move from circulation to
site of injury
Serous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Clear, watery
inside of Skin Blisters, Pericarditis, pleural effusion
Serous Sanguinous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔mixture of watery and blood, semi- clear, pink color,
seen in surgical drain
Sanguinous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔all bloody exudate i.e blood on a dressing
Fibrinous Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Increase amount of fibrinogen, scar tissue adhesions following
surgery, gelatinous ribbons seen in surgical drain tubing
Catarrhal Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Cloudy mucus
Runny nose with Common cold
purulent exudate - correct answer ✔✔Yellow or Green, Pus. Opaque discharge
Abscesses, furuncles, Boils, Cellulitis, liquified dead cells
Hemorrhagic Exudate - correct answer ✔✔Presence of RBC's, actively bleeding, hematoma
, Local infection - correct answer ✔✔Right at the site. Red, heat, pain, swelling, loss of function. WBC's
flood to it
Systemic Infection - correct answer ✔✔Fever, whole body, not just one spot. Increased WBC, "shift to
the left" bands take over for segs, malaise, nausea and anorexia, increased tachycardia and tachypnea
Fever- Inflammatory Response - correct answer ✔✔Body increases heat production to reach new set
point. Person shivers trying to bring body temp up yet, body is hot.
Fever triggers defense mechanism- kills microorganisms, increased phagocytosis, increased t cells.
Normal temp= 98.6 (37C)
101.1 before we give IBprofen. Fever of 103 is ok unless they are pediatric or geriatric
104 is concerning, delirium and seizures.
Alternate acetemeniphen and ibprofen to lower setpoint. We want to go from hyperthermic to
normothermic. We do not want fever to go down too quickly, we do not want person to shiver bc fever
will go back up
Fever with Immunocompromised Person - correct answer ✔✔Do not usually display a fever, even when
they are sick. If they are showing signs of fever they have gone past what they can handle and are septic.
They will say the don't feel well. Place on neutropenic precautions, protecting patient from us
Acute Inflammation - correct answer ✔✔bee sting, dust, ingrown toenail, flu
Last 2-3 weeks
Predominant cells: Neutrophils
Tx: antifungals, NSAIDS, antibiotics
Subacute Inflammation - correct answer ✔✔i.e. endocarditis (inner lining of heart)
Same features as acute inflammation but persists longer
