SOCIAL PYSCHOLOGY EXAM TEST
AND ITS ANSWERS
forming impressions are often based off of
physical appearance & non verbal expressiveness
prejudice
unjustifiable attitudes towards a group
Is prejudice an attitude or a behavior
attitude
Is discrimination an attitude or behavior
behavior
what forms prejudice?
beliefs, emotions, and predispositions towards a group
stereotypes
generalized beliefs about a group of people
stereotypes create _____ in our perceptions
biases
illusionary correlation
a perceived but nonexistent correlation
when you first meet people you're constantly engaged
in
person perception, the process of forming impressions of
others
attractiveness
we tend to view people who are more physically attractive
as more confident and view them in more positive light
,nonverbal- expressiveness
how people walk, talk, gesture
in group vs. out group
through our social identities we associate ourselves with
some groups and contrast ourselves with others
group identification typically results an ___
in group bias
in group bias
favoring of ones own group
what leads to an illusionary correlation?
confirmation bias: we overestimate what how often we see
something and we see what we want to see
we form our identity partly by
the group we belong to
social definition
defines who we are but also who we are not
attribution theory
we explain others behaviors by crediting their situation or
their disposition, basically we blame our own situations on
other things/it is normal for people to look for explanations
or causes - that can be attributed to their own success or
failure.
An assumption of the attribution theory is that people will
interpret their environment in such a way as to maintain a
positive self-image.
example of attribution theory
teacher might wonder if a students hostility is due to a
students personality or their complex home environment
Fritz Heider
was the first one to describe how people make
attributions. he asserted that people tend to locate the
, cause of behavior either within a person, attributing it to
personal factors, or outside a person, attributing to
environmental factors
who came up with internal attributions?
Weiner
internal attributions
ascribe the causes of behavior to personal dispositions,
traits, abilities, and feelings, When we use this, we
assume that the individual has direct control over the
behavior or event and is therefore responsible for what
happened
external attributions
ascribe the causes of behavior to situational demands and
environmental constraints, assumes that given the same
or similar situation others would have behaved in the exact
same manner.people infer that a person's behavior is due
to situational factors./Examples of internal factors may be
that you are either stupid or bright or not interested etc.
It seems women tend to point to internal factors more than
the seemingly more self-confident men.
External factors are anything or anybody else you can
blame.
Weiner on success and failure
He identified ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck as the
most important factors affecting attributions for
achievement.people often focus on the stability of the
causes underlying behavior.Success or failure factors may
be either controllable or uncontrollable.
A controllable factor you can alter or influence if you wish
to do so.
An uncontrollable factor is one that you cannot easily alter.
AND ITS ANSWERS
forming impressions are often based off of
physical appearance & non verbal expressiveness
prejudice
unjustifiable attitudes towards a group
Is prejudice an attitude or a behavior
attitude
Is discrimination an attitude or behavior
behavior
what forms prejudice?
beliefs, emotions, and predispositions towards a group
stereotypes
generalized beliefs about a group of people
stereotypes create _____ in our perceptions
biases
illusionary correlation
a perceived but nonexistent correlation
when you first meet people you're constantly engaged
in
person perception, the process of forming impressions of
others
attractiveness
we tend to view people who are more physically attractive
as more confident and view them in more positive light
,nonverbal- expressiveness
how people walk, talk, gesture
in group vs. out group
through our social identities we associate ourselves with
some groups and contrast ourselves with others
group identification typically results an ___
in group bias
in group bias
favoring of ones own group
what leads to an illusionary correlation?
confirmation bias: we overestimate what how often we see
something and we see what we want to see
we form our identity partly by
the group we belong to
social definition
defines who we are but also who we are not
attribution theory
we explain others behaviors by crediting their situation or
their disposition, basically we blame our own situations on
other things/it is normal for people to look for explanations
or causes - that can be attributed to their own success or
failure.
An assumption of the attribution theory is that people will
interpret their environment in such a way as to maintain a
positive self-image.
example of attribution theory
teacher might wonder if a students hostility is due to a
students personality or their complex home environment
Fritz Heider
was the first one to describe how people make
attributions. he asserted that people tend to locate the
, cause of behavior either within a person, attributing it to
personal factors, or outside a person, attributing to
environmental factors
who came up with internal attributions?
Weiner
internal attributions
ascribe the causes of behavior to personal dispositions,
traits, abilities, and feelings, When we use this, we
assume that the individual has direct control over the
behavior or event and is therefore responsible for what
happened
external attributions
ascribe the causes of behavior to situational demands and
environmental constraints, assumes that given the same
or similar situation others would have behaved in the exact
same manner.people infer that a person's behavior is due
to situational factors./Examples of internal factors may be
that you are either stupid or bright or not interested etc.
It seems women tend to point to internal factors more than
the seemingly more self-confident men.
External factors are anything or anybody else you can
blame.
Weiner on success and failure
He identified ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck as the
most important factors affecting attributions for
achievement.people often focus on the stability of the
causes underlying behavior.Success or failure factors may
be either controllable or uncontrollable.
A controllable factor you can alter or influence if you wish
to do so.
An uncontrollable factor is one that you cannot easily alter.
