NSG 3100 EXAM 4 (FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS & SKILLS FOR
NURSING PRACTICE I)
what is malnurtrition - ANSWER: an imbalance in the amount of nutrition intake and
the body's needs
define basic metabolic rate - ANSWER: the minimum amount of energy required to
maintain body functions in the resting, awake state
the use of energy to change simple materials into complex body substances and
tissues is referred to as what biochemical process - ANSWER: anabolism
the breaking down of substances from complex to simple, resulting in release of
energy is referred to as what biochemical process - ANSWER: catabolism
nutrients that are needed in large amounts are referred to as what - ANSWER:
macronutrients
what are the 4 macronutrients - ANSWER: carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
water
nutrients that are needed in small amounts are referred to as what - ANSWER:
micronutrients
what are the 2 categories of micronutrients - ANSWER: vitamins
minerals
what are carbohydrates and how much calories do they provide per gram - ANSWER:
chemical substances composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen which supply 4
calories per gram
what is the recommended caloric intake for carbohydrates - ANSWER: 50% of daily
caloric intake
what are the 3 major forms of carbs - ANSWER: sugar
starches
fiber
what 2 categories can carbs be classified as - ANSWER: simple carbs
complex carbs
what are 4 examples of simple carbohydrates - ANSWER: fructose (fruit)
sucrose (table sugar)
, lactose (milk products)
glucose (blood sugar)
complex carbohydrates can be composed of what 3 things - ANSWER: starches
glycogen
fiber
what is the function of carbohydrates in the body - ANSWER: main source of energy
what are food sources of complex carbohydrates - ANSWER: bread
rice
pasta
legumes
starchy vegetables (corn, pumpkin, green peas, and potatoes)
what are the 2 categories of the complex carb fiber - ANSWER: soluble fiber
insoluble fiber
which type of fiber mixes with water to form a gel-like substance and results in
slower digestion - ANSWER: soluble fiber
which type of fiber does not retain water but allow formation of bulk stool and
accelerates its passage to exrection - ANSWER: insoluble fiber
what are food sources of fiber - ANSWER: whole grains
wheat bran
cereals
fresh fruits
vegetables
legumes
what bowel-related conditions could you expect to find in a patient who lacks fiber
in their diet - ANSWER: constipation
hemorrhoids
diverticula
what are fats and how much calories do they provide per gram - ANSWER:
substances composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen which supply 9 calories per
gram
what is the recommended caloric intake for fats - ANSWER: 20-30% of daily caloric
intake
what is the recommended caloric intake from saturated fats - ANSWER: less than
10% of caloric intake
what are the functions of fats in the body - ANSWER: energy production
NURSING PRACTICE I)
what is malnurtrition - ANSWER: an imbalance in the amount of nutrition intake and
the body's needs
define basic metabolic rate - ANSWER: the minimum amount of energy required to
maintain body functions in the resting, awake state
the use of energy to change simple materials into complex body substances and
tissues is referred to as what biochemical process - ANSWER: anabolism
the breaking down of substances from complex to simple, resulting in release of
energy is referred to as what biochemical process - ANSWER: catabolism
nutrients that are needed in large amounts are referred to as what - ANSWER:
macronutrients
what are the 4 macronutrients - ANSWER: carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
water
nutrients that are needed in small amounts are referred to as what - ANSWER:
micronutrients
what are the 2 categories of micronutrients - ANSWER: vitamins
minerals
what are carbohydrates and how much calories do they provide per gram - ANSWER:
chemical substances composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen which supply 4
calories per gram
what is the recommended caloric intake for carbohydrates - ANSWER: 50% of daily
caloric intake
what are the 3 major forms of carbs - ANSWER: sugar
starches
fiber
what 2 categories can carbs be classified as - ANSWER: simple carbs
complex carbs
what are 4 examples of simple carbohydrates - ANSWER: fructose (fruit)
sucrose (table sugar)
, lactose (milk products)
glucose (blood sugar)
complex carbohydrates can be composed of what 3 things - ANSWER: starches
glycogen
fiber
what is the function of carbohydrates in the body - ANSWER: main source of energy
what are food sources of complex carbohydrates - ANSWER: bread
rice
pasta
legumes
starchy vegetables (corn, pumpkin, green peas, and potatoes)
what are the 2 categories of the complex carb fiber - ANSWER: soluble fiber
insoluble fiber
which type of fiber mixes with water to form a gel-like substance and results in
slower digestion - ANSWER: soluble fiber
which type of fiber does not retain water but allow formation of bulk stool and
accelerates its passage to exrection - ANSWER: insoluble fiber
what are food sources of fiber - ANSWER: whole grains
wheat bran
cereals
fresh fruits
vegetables
legumes
what bowel-related conditions could you expect to find in a patient who lacks fiber
in their diet - ANSWER: constipation
hemorrhoids
diverticula
what are fats and how much calories do they provide per gram - ANSWER:
substances composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen which supply 9 calories per
gram
what is the recommended caloric intake for fats - ANSWER: 20-30% of daily caloric
intake
what is the recommended caloric intake from saturated fats - ANSWER: less than
10% of caloric intake
what are the functions of fats in the body - ANSWER: energy production
