NSG 3100 EXAM 3 (FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS & SKILLS FOR
NURSING PRACTICE I)
Factors influencing urinary Elimination - ANSWER: Developmental Factors
Psychosocial Factors
Fluid and Food Intake
Medications
Muscle Tone
Pathologic Conditions
Surgical Procedures
Developmental Factors Are; - ANSWER: Infants
Preschooler (5-6 years)
School-age Children
Older Adults
Polyuria - ANSWER: Excessive fluid volume of 2500mL or more per day
Oliguria - ANSWER: Output of 100mL to 500mL per day, and can cause kidney failure.
Anurial - ANSWER: Output of 50mL to 100mL in 24 hours (per day)
Frequency - ANSWER: Voiding frequently throughout the day (4-6 times per day)
Nocturia - ANSWER: Excessive urination at night
Urgency - ANSWER: Sudden strong desire to void
Enuresis - ANSWER: Involuntary urination in children beyond the age when normal
bladder control is established (4-5 years)
Incontinence - ANSWER: Involuntary leakage of urine or loss of bladder control
Retention - ANSWER: Inability to empty the bladder (backflow of urine
Urinary Track Infection (UTI) - ANSWER: Bladder infection caused by Ecoli
Dysuria - ANSWER: Painful or difficult urination
Neurogenic bladder - ANSWER: Impairment of bladder control due to brain or nerve
conduction
overflow incontinence - ANSWER: A constant dribbling of urine or frequency in
urination
,Hematuria - ANSWER: Blood in the urine
stress incontinence - ANSWER: Loss of urine control during activities that increase
intra-abdominal pressure (coughing,sneezing,laughing and exercising)
An average daily urinary output is: - ANSWER: 1400mL per day or minimum of 30mL
per hour
Normal urine output - ANSWER: Should equal fluid intake. Approximately 60mL per
hour
Symptoms of kidney infections include: - ANSWER: Fever
Chills
Pain in the lower back or side
Pain when pee (urinate)
Bloody or cloudy pee that might smell bad
Urgent or frequent need to pee
Assessment of Urine Includes: - ANSWER: Volume
Color or clarity
Odor
Sterility
pH
Specific gravity
Glucose
Ketones
Blood
Measure residual urine
Diagnostic test
What blood tests are used to evaluate renal function? - ANSWER: Blood urea
nitrogen (BUN)
Creatinine levels
Risk for Urinary Track Infections (UTI): - ANSWER: Diabetes
Catheters
Dehydration
Being Female
Immobility
Incontinence
How can a nurse check for urinary retention? - ANSWER: The nurse will inspect and
palpate the suprapubic area and use a bladder scanner if available
What can be indicated for a patient with anuria or oliguria? - ANSWER: Dialysis
, What is the difference between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis? - ANSWER:
Hemodialysis takes the patient blood and has it flow through filters of a machine and
ultra-filtrate
Peritoneal dialysis uses the abdominal cavity in the membrane for exchange of fluid
and molecules
What is the goal of dialysis? - ANSWER: To remove toxins, maintains fluids,
electrolytes, and acid-base balance.
Causes of Urinary Retention - ANSWER: Prostatic
Hypertrophy
Surgery
Some Medications
Causes of Chronic Urinary Retention: - ANSWER: Paraplegia
Quadriplegia
Multiple Sclerosis
Urethral or Perneal Trauma
Most frequent healthcare associated infections is: - ANSWER: UTI, and indwelling
catheters caused 80% of these
Food and Beverages that affects urine are: - ANSWER: Spicy food
Carbonated beverages
Acidic food and drinks
Caffeine
Alcohol Beverages
What are the expected characteristics of urine? - ANSWER: pale yellow color
Clear
pH = 6
no glucose
what preparation is necessary for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)? - ANSWER: the
patient is NPO 8 to 12 hours before and may need a laxative or enema to empty
bowels
pregnant women should not have tests with: - ANSWER: the use of radiographs and
contrast dyes are contraindicated for pregnant patients
Indicate which of the following is (are) expected with cystoscopy. SATA
a) a biopsy may be performed
b) the patient is NPO for 8 to 12 hours
before
C) the test will take Ito 2 hours
d) an urge to void may be felt
e) bladder puncture occurs frequently
NURSING PRACTICE I)
Factors influencing urinary Elimination - ANSWER: Developmental Factors
Psychosocial Factors
Fluid and Food Intake
Medications
Muscle Tone
Pathologic Conditions
Surgical Procedures
Developmental Factors Are; - ANSWER: Infants
Preschooler (5-6 years)
School-age Children
Older Adults
Polyuria - ANSWER: Excessive fluid volume of 2500mL or more per day
Oliguria - ANSWER: Output of 100mL to 500mL per day, and can cause kidney failure.
Anurial - ANSWER: Output of 50mL to 100mL in 24 hours (per day)
Frequency - ANSWER: Voiding frequently throughout the day (4-6 times per day)
Nocturia - ANSWER: Excessive urination at night
Urgency - ANSWER: Sudden strong desire to void
Enuresis - ANSWER: Involuntary urination in children beyond the age when normal
bladder control is established (4-5 years)
Incontinence - ANSWER: Involuntary leakage of urine or loss of bladder control
Retention - ANSWER: Inability to empty the bladder (backflow of urine
Urinary Track Infection (UTI) - ANSWER: Bladder infection caused by Ecoli
Dysuria - ANSWER: Painful or difficult urination
Neurogenic bladder - ANSWER: Impairment of bladder control due to brain or nerve
conduction
overflow incontinence - ANSWER: A constant dribbling of urine or frequency in
urination
,Hematuria - ANSWER: Blood in the urine
stress incontinence - ANSWER: Loss of urine control during activities that increase
intra-abdominal pressure (coughing,sneezing,laughing and exercising)
An average daily urinary output is: - ANSWER: 1400mL per day or minimum of 30mL
per hour
Normal urine output - ANSWER: Should equal fluid intake. Approximately 60mL per
hour
Symptoms of kidney infections include: - ANSWER: Fever
Chills
Pain in the lower back or side
Pain when pee (urinate)
Bloody or cloudy pee that might smell bad
Urgent or frequent need to pee
Assessment of Urine Includes: - ANSWER: Volume
Color or clarity
Odor
Sterility
pH
Specific gravity
Glucose
Ketones
Blood
Measure residual urine
Diagnostic test
What blood tests are used to evaluate renal function? - ANSWER: Blood urea
nitrogen (BUN)
Creatinine levels
Risk for Urinary Track Infections (UTI): - ANSWER: Diabetes
Catheters
Dehydration
Being Female
Immobility
Incontinence
How can a nurse check for urinary retention? - ANSWER: The nurse will inspect and
palpate the suprapubic area and use a bladder scanner if available
What can be indicated for a patient with anuria or oliguria? - ANSWER: Dialysis
, What is the difference between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis? - ANSWER:
Hemodialysis takes the patient blood and has it flow through filters of a machine and
ultra-filtrate
Peritoneal dialysis uses the abdominal cavity in the membrane for exchange of fluid
and molecules
What is the goal of dialysis? - ANSWER: To remove toxins, maintains fluids,
electrolytes, and acid-base balance.
Causes of Urinary Retention - ANSWER: Prostatic
Hypertrophy
Surgery
Some Medications
Causes of Chronic Urinary Retention: - ANSWER: Paraplegia
Quadriplegia
Multiple Sclerosis
Urethral or Perneal Trauma
Most frequent healthcare associated infections is: - ANSWER: UTI, and indwelling
catheters caused 80% of these
Food and Beverages that affects urine are: - ANSWER: Spicy food
Carbonated beverages
Acidic food and drinks
Caffeine
Alcohol Beverages
What are the expected characteristics of urine? - ANSWER: pale yellow color
Clear
pH = 6
no glucose
what preparation is necessary for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)? - ANSWER: the
patient is NPO 8 to 12 hours before and may need a laxative or enema to empty
bowels
pregnant women should not have tests with: - ANSWER: the use of radiographs and
contrast dyes are contraindicated for pregnant patients
Indicate which of the following is (are) expected with cystoscopy. SATA
a) a biopsy may be performed
b) the patient is NPO for 8 to 12 hours
before
C) the test will take Ito 2 hours
d) an urge to void may be felt
e) bladder puncture occurs frequently
