Topic - Introduction to Prehistory
Subtopic - Prehistoric Beginning
Heading - Geological (New 2019)
Beginning of Prehistoric era
Chalcolithic period
In Old World archaeology, the "Chalcolithic", "Eneolithic", or "Copper Age" refers to
a transitional period where early copper metallurgy appeared alongside the
widespread use of stone tools.
The Chalcolithic (also called the Copper Age and Eneolithic) was an archaeological
period characterized by the increasing use of smelted copper. It followed
the Neolithic and preceded the Bronze Age.
It occurred at different periods in different areas, but was absent in some parts of
the world, such as Russia, where there was no well-defined Copper Age between the
Stone and Bronze ages.
Stone tools were still predominantly used during this period. During this period,
some weapons and tools were made of copper. This period was still largely Neolithic
in character.
It is a phase of the Bronze Age before it was discovered that adding tin to the copper
formed the harder bronze
The Copper Age is seen as a transition period between the Stone Age and Bronze
Age
An archaeological site in Serbia contains the oldest securely dated evidence of
copper making at high temperature, from 7,500 years ago. The find in 2010 extends
the known record of copper smelting by about 800 years, and suggests that copper
smelting may have been invented independently in separate parts of Asia and
Europe at that time, rather than spreading from a single source.
The emergence of metallurgy may have occurred first in the Fertile Crescent, where
it gave rise to the Bronze Age in the 4th millennium BCE (the traditional view),
although finds from the Vinča culture in Europe have now been securely dated to
slightly earlier than those of the Fertile Crescent.
Timna Valley contains evidence of copper mining 7,000 years ago. The process of
transition from Neolithic to Chalcolithic in the Middle East is characterized in
archaeological stone tool assemblages by a decline in high quality raw material
procurement and use.
North Africa and the Nile Valley imported its iron technology from the Near East and
followed the Near Eastern course of Bronze Age and Iron Age development.
South asia
Ceramic similarities between the Indus Valley civilisation, southern Turkmenistan,
and northern Iran during 4300–3300 BC of the Chalcolithic period suggest
considerable mobility and trade.
Subtopic - Prehistoric Beginning
Heading - Geological (New 2019)
Beginning of Prehistoric era
Chalcolithic period
In Old World archaeology, the "Chalcolithic", "Eneolithic", or "Copper Age" refers to
a transitional period where early copper metallurgy appeared alongside the
widespread use of stone tools.
The Chalcolithic (also called the Copper Age and Eneolithic) was an archaeological
period characterized by the increasing use of smelted copper. It followed
the Neolithic and preceded the Bronze Age.
It occurred at different periods in different areas, but was absent in some parts of
the world, such as Russia, where there was no well-defined Copper Age between the
Stone and Bronze ages.
Stone tools were still predominantly used during this period. During this period,
some weapons and tools were made of copper. This period was still largely Neolithic
in character.
It is a phase of the Bronze Age before it was discovered that adding tin to the copper
formed the harder bronze
The Copper Age is seen as a transition period between the Stone Age and Bronze
Age
An archaeological site in Serbia contains the oldest securely dated evidence of
copper making at high temperature, from 7,500 years ago. The find in 2010 extends
the known record of copper smelting by about 800 years, and suggests that copper
smelting may have been invented independently in separate parts of Asia and
Europe at that time, rather than spreading from a single source.
The emergence of metallurgy may have occurred first in the Fertile Crescent, where
it gave rise to the Bronze Age in the 4th millennium BCE (the traditional view),
although finds from the Vinča culture in Europe have now been securely dated to
slightly earlier than those of the Fertile Crescent.
Timna Valley contains evidence of copper mining 7,000 years ago. The process of
transition from Neolithic to Chalcolithic in the Middle East is characterized in
archaeological stone tool assemblages by a decline in high quality raw material
procurement and use.
North Africa and the Nile Valley imported its iron technology from the Near East and
followed the Near Eastern course of Bronze Age and Iron Age development.
South asia
Ceramic similarities between the Indus Valley civilisation, southern Turkmenistan,
and northern Iran during 4300–3300 BC of the Chalcolithic period suggest
considerable mobility and trade.
