6.Biomolecules -BIOLOGY (GRADE 11) exam with a+ GRADED ANSWERS

6.Biomolecules -BIOLOGY (GRADE
11) exam with a+ GRADED
ANSWERS
What is the average nucleic acid composition in cells - CORRECT ANSWER5-7%?

What is the average carbohydrate composition in cells - CORRECT ANSWER3%?

What is the average lipid composition in cells - CORRECT ANSWER2%?

What are primary metabolites - CORRECT ANSWER Biomolecules involved in growth
and development

Give examples of primary metabolites - CORRECT ANSWER Amino acids, lipids

What are secondary metabolites - CORRECT ANSWER Biomolecules with no major
role in producer's metabolism

Where are secondary metabolites mostly found - CORRECT ANSWER Plants

What are pigments - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary metabolites like anthocyanin,
carotenoids

What are alkaloids - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary metabolites like morphine,
codeine, nicotine

What are drugs as secondary metabolites - CORRECT ANSWER Substances like
vinblastine, curcumin, reserpine

What are oils as secondary metabolites - CORRECT ANSWER Lemongrass oil, gingelly
oil

What are terpenoids - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary metabolites like monoterpenes,
diterpenes

What are toxins - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary metabolites like ricin, barn

What are polymeric substances - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary metabolites like
rubber, gums, cellulose

,What are lectins - CORRECT ANSWER Secondary metabolites like concanavalin-A

What is a carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER Organic biomolecule formed from C, H,
and O in a 1:2:1 ratio

What is the main function of carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER To provide energy
for the living system

What are monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER Simple sugars that cannot
hydrolyze into other sugars

What are triose sugars - CORRECT ANSWER Monosaccharides like glyceraldehyde,
dihydroxyacetone

What are pentose sugars - CORRECT ANSWER Monosaccharides like ribose, ribulose

What are hexose sugars - CORRECT ANSWER Monosaccharides like glucose,
fructose

What type of sugar is glucose - CORRECT ANSWERA hexose, aldose, and reducing
sugar

What is glucose also known as - CORRECT ANSWER Grape sugar or blood sugar

What type of sugar is fructose - CORRECT ANSWERA hexose, ketose, and reducing
sugar

What is fructose mainly found in - CORRECT ANSWER Fruits

What is the sweetest known sugar - CORRECT ANSWER Fructose

What are disaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER Carbohydrates formed from two
monosaccharides

What links monosaccharides in disaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER Glycosidic bonds

How is a glyosidic bond formed - CORRECT ANSWER Through dehydration or
condensation

What is maltose - CORRECT ANSWERA reducing sugar formed by two glucose units

What linkage connects glucose units in maltose - CORRECT ANSWER Alpha 1-4
glyosidic linkage

What is lactose - CORRECT ANSWERA reducing sugar formed from glucose and
galactose

, What is sucrose - CORRECT ANSWERA non-reducing disaccharide of glucose and
fructose

Why is sucrose the main transport form of carbohydrates in plants - CORRECT
ANSWER Due to its non-reducing nature

What are polysaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER Macromolecules formed by
polymerization of monosaccharides

What is the right end of a polysaccharide chain called - CORRECT ANSWER Reducing
end

What is the left end of a polysaccharide chain called - CORRECT ANSWER Non-
reducing end

What is a homopolysaccharide - CORRECT ANSWERA polysaccharide with a single
type of monosaccharide unit

Give an example of a homopolysaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER Cellulose

What is a heteropolysaccharide - CORRECT ANSWERA polysaccharide with more than
one type of monosaccharide

What is cellulose - CORRECT ANSWERA structural and supporting polysaccharide

How are glucose units in cellulose connected - CORRECT ANSWER Beta 1-4
glycosidic linkage

What is the most abundant polysaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER Cellulose

What is chitin - CORRECT ANSWERA structural polysaccharide in arthropod
exoskeletons and fungal cell walls

What is the structure of chitin - CORRECT ANSWER An unbranched photopolymer of
N-acetyl glucosamine

What is starch - CORRECT ANSWER The main storage polysaccharide in plants

What are the two forms of starch - CORRECT ANSWER Amylose and amylopectin

What is amylose - CORRECT ANSWER The unbranched form of glucose in starch

What color does amylose form with iodine - CORRECT ANSWER Deep blue

What is amylopectin - CORRECT ANSWER The branched form of glucose in starch