68W ALC Phase 3, LPC| 345 Questions| With
Complete Solutions
pharmacology correct answer: study of substances that interact
with living organisms through chemical processes
medical pharmacology correct answer: science of substances
used to prevent, diagnose and treat disease
indication correct answer: reason or condition for which a
particular medication is given
dose correct answer: amount of medication given within a
specified period of time
single dose correct answer: amount of medication administered
at one time
maximum dose correct answer: the largest amount of
medication either as a single dose or within a period of time
cumulative dose correct answer: sum of all single doses over
either a lifetime or a period of time
strength correct answer: amount of medication contained per
tablet, capsule, suppository, etc
,titration correct answer: administering a medication with
variable strength, interval, and quantity to achieve and maintain
a desired observable physiological effect (pain ctrl)
contraindication correct answer: medical reason not to give a
medication
absolute contraindication correct answer: medical reason to
NEVER give a medication
relative contraindication correct answer: medical reason a
medication should not be given, but may be acceptable in certain
circumstances
allergy correct answer: immune response in which there is a
hypersensitivity response induced by exposure to a particular
medication
side effect correct answer: unintended, but not surprising
consequence of a medication which may require a medication
dose be changed or discontinued
therapeutic effect correct answer: desired change in physiology
for administering the medication
therapeutic level correct answer: blood level of a medication
required to achieve the therapeutic effect
toxic level correct answer: blood level of a medication which
will cause tissue damage
,therapeutic range correct answer: variable blood levels of a
medication between the therapeutic level and the toxic level
therapeutic window correct answer: range of acceptable
DOSAGES of a medication needed to keep blood levels within
the therapeutic range
peak correct answer: when medication is at its highest
concentration
trough correct answer: lowest blood level of a medication
between doses
half-life correct answer: time it takes for the body to eliminate
half the dose of medication
steady state correct answer: relatively constant blood level of
medication which is sustained after 5-6 half lives of a
medication
tolerance correct answer: when the body has adapted to having
a medication regularly and now requires a higher or more
frequent doses to achieve the therapeutic effect
resistance correct answer: when infectious organisms adapt to
antibiotics and it takes either higher doses of same medication or
a change to a different medication to kill the organisms
metabolism correct answer: process of the body to break down
and eliminate medications most metabolized by the liver or
kidneys
, dosing interval correct answer: recommended time period
between doses of a medication
onset correct answer: time until a medication's therapeutic
effect begins
duration of effect correct answer: time until the medication's
therapeutic effect wears off
duration of therapy correct answer: length of time a course of
medication is continued to ensure the desired effect is
maintained
dosing parameters correct answer: the limitations,
considerations, and instructions required regarding a medication;
helps achieve the desired physiological response minimize side
effects
Body weight, Comorbidities, Age correct answer: What are
factors that affect dosing
Importance for patients to understand dosing parameters correct
answer: -too little: not achieve therapeutic effects
-too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
Antibiotics correct answer: Medications which kill or inhibit the
reproduction of bacteria
Complete Solutions
pharmacology correct answer: study of substances that interact
with living organisms through chemical processes
medical pharmacology correct answer: science of substances
used to prevent, diagnose and treat disease
indication correct answer: reason or condition for which a
particular medication is given
dose correct answer: amount of medication given within a
specified period of time
single dose correct answer: amount of medication administered
at one time
maximum dose correct answer: the largest amount of
medication either as a single dose or within a period of time
cumulative dose correct answer: sum of all single doses over
either a lifetime or a period of time
strength correct answer: amount of medication contained per
tablet, capsule, suppository, etc
,titration correct answer: administering a medication with
variable strength, interval, and quantity to achieve and maintain
a desired observable physiological effect (pain ctrl)
contraindication correct answer: medical reason not to give a
medication
absolute contraindication correct answer: medical reason to
NEVER give a medication
relative contraindication correct answer: medical reason a
medication should not be given, but may be acceptable in certain
circumstances
allergy correct answer: immune response in which there is a
hypersensitivity response induced by exposure to a particular
medication
side effect correct answer: unintended, but not surprising
consequence of a medication which may require a medication
dose be changed or discontinued
therapeutic effect correct answer: desired change in physiology
for administering the medication
therapeutic level correct answer: blood level of a medication
required to achieve the therapeutic effect
toxic level correct answer: blood level of a medication which
will cause tissue damage
,therapeutic range correct answer: variable blood levels of a
medication between the therapeutic level and the toxic level
therapeutic window correct answer: range of acceptable
DOSAGES of a medication needed to keep blood levels within
the therapeutic range
peak correct answer: when medication is at its highest
concentration
trough correct answer: lowest blood level of a medication
between doses
half-life correct answer: time it takes for the body to eliminate
half the dose of medication
steady state correct answer: relatively constant blood level of
medication which is sustained after 5-6 half lives of a
medication
tolerance correct answer: when the body has adapted to having
a medication regularly and now requires a higher or more
frequent doses to achieve the therapeutic effect
resistance correct answer: when infectious organisms adapt to
antibiotics and it takes either higher doses of same medication or
a change to a different medication to kill the organisms
metabolism correct answer: process of the body to break down
and eliminate medications most metabolized by the liver or
kidneys
, dosing interval correct answer: recommended time period
between doses of a medication
onset correct answer: time until a medication's therapeutic
effect begins
duration of effect correct answer: time until the medication's
therapeutic effect wears off
duration of therapy correct answer: length of time a course of
medication is continued to ensure the desired effect is
maintained
dosing parameters correct answer: the limitations,
considerations, and instructions required regarding a medication;
helps achieve the desired physiological response minimize side
effects
Body weight, Comorbidities, Age correct answer: What are
factors that affect dosing
Importance for patients to understand dosing parameters correct
answer: -too little: not achieve therapeutic effects
-too much: increased side effects/toxic levels
Antibiotics correct answer: Medications which kill or inhibit the
reproduction of bacteria
