NURS 328 - Unit 1 Questions With
Answers
Research - ANSWER- a systematic inquiry that uses rigorous methods to answer
questions or solve problems. Develop, refine, and expand knowledge
Nursing Research - ANSWER- -designed to develop evidence about issues of
importance to nurses.
-to inform nursing practice, contribute to well being and quality of life of patients.
Purpose of nursing Research
(Basic vs Applied) - ANSWER- to answer questions or solve problems of relevance to
nursing.
Basic research seeks to extend the knowledge base in a discipline.
Advanced research focuses on finding solutions to issues in nursing practice.
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - ANSWER- The use of the best clinical evidence in
making care decisions. (Highly encouraged and using in Nursing Practice).
Research and Nursing - ANSWER- Nurses with knowledge of research can expand the
breadth and depth of their nursing practice.
it has become very nurses responsibility to engage in one or more research activities
along a continuum of participation.
CIHR - ANSWER- Canadian institutes of Health Research
CHSRF - ANSWER- Canadian Health Services Research Foundation
Has been funding a series of research chairs and related programs specific to nursing
since 1999.
Translational Research - ANSWER- Transfer of findings to clinical settings
Replication - ANSWER- Repeating the same studies with different samples, contexts or
at different times to ensure the findings are robust
Systematic Reviews - ANSWER- Gather and interface research info on a given topic to
draw conclusions about the quality of the evidence accumulated to date. (Central to
EBP).
Sources of Evidence for Nursing Practice - ANSWER- Tradition & Authority - practices
accepted as revelant because they are custom; tradition rather than evidence - reliance
on Authority is to some degree unavoidable yet has its limitations.
, Clinical Experience, Trial & Error, and Intuition - has limitations due to personal
experience, too limited to generalize. Often fallible and inefficient. Intuition cannot be
accounted through reasoning or prior instructions. (Can't serve as basis for policies and
practice guidelines).
Logical Reasoning - Inductive (specific to more general) and deductive (general to more
specific) reasoning is highly dependent on the accuracy of the information that it is
based upon.
Assembled information - offer useful information but can't provide the direct information
on wether improvement in patient outcomes is the result of their use.
Disciplined Research - most sophisticated method of acquiring evidence and also the
most reliable.
Paradigm - ANSWER- A worldview, a general perspective on the complexities of the
"real" world.
Two broad paradigms are used for disciplined inquiry in the field of nursing; The
Positivist/Postpositivist Paradigm & The Naturalistic Paradigm
The Positivist Paradigm - ANSWER- Dominated nursing for decades
A reflection of a broader cultural phenomenon (modernism) that emphasizes the rational
and the scientific.
Much research is aimed at understanding the underlying causes of natural phenomena.
-Assumes that nature is basically ordered and regular and that an objective reality exists
independent of human observation.
-usually more of a quantitative context, w/ statistical analysis
-researcher distances themselves from the subjects
Naturalistic Paradigm - ANSWER- AKA - Constructivist paradigm
-usually more of a narrative context with qualitative analysis
-researcher interacts with subjects (closer the better)
Determinism - ANSWER- Refers to the positivists' belief that phenomena (observable
facts and events) are not haphazard or random, but rather have antecedent causes.
Inductive Reasoning - ANSWER- From specific to more general
Deductive Reasoning - ANSWER- From General to more specific
Quantitative Research - ANSWER- Positivist scientific method is a general set of
orderly, disciplined procedures used to acquire information. (Often use deductive
reasoning to generate predictions)
-Use a systematic approach- progress logically through steps as per their respecified
plan
-Use of various controls to decrease bias and increase precision and validity.
-collection of empirical evidence
-can only measure numerically - blood pressure, weight gain/loss, blood-glucose
readings, etc
Answers
Research - ANSWER- a systematic inquiry that uses rigorous methods to answer
questions or solve problems. Develop, refine, and expand knowledge
Nursing Research - ANSWER- -designed to develop evidence about issues of
importance to nurses.
-to inform nursing practice, contribute to well being and quality of life of patients.
Purpose of nursing Research
(Basic vs Applied) - ANSWER- to answer questions or solve problems of relevance to
nursing.
Basic research seeks to extend the knowledge base in a discipline.
Advanced research focuses on finding solutions to issues in nursing practice.
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - ANSWER- The use of the best clinical evidence in
making care decisions. (Highly encouraged and using in Nursing Practice).
Research and Nursing - ANSWER- Nurses with knowledge of research can expand the
breadth and depth of their nursing practice.
it has become very nurses responsibility to engage in one or more research activities
along a continuum of participation.
CIHR - ANSWER- Canadian institutes of Health Research
CHSRF - ANSWER- Canadian Health Services Research Foundation
Has been funding a series of research chairs and related programs specific to nursing
since 1999.
Translational Research - ANSWER- Transfer of findings to clinical settings
Replication - ANSWER- Repeating the same studies with different samples, contexts or
at different times to ensure the findings are robust
Systematic Reviews - ANSWER- Gather and interface research info on a given topic to
draw conclusions about the quality of the evidence accumulated to date. (Central to
EBP).
Sources of Evidence for Nursing Practice - ANSWER- Tradition & Authority - practices
accepted as revelant because they are custom; tradition rather than evidence - reliance
on Authority is to some degree unavoidable yet has its limitations.
, Clinical Experience, Trial & Error, and Intuition - has limitations due to personal
experience, too limited to generalize. Often fallible and inefficient. Intuition cannot be
accounted through reasoning or prior instructions. (Can't serve as basis for policies and
practice guidelines).
Logical Reasoning - Inductive (specific to more general) and deductive (general to more
specific) reasoning is highly dependent on the accuracy of the information that it is
based upon.
Assembled information - offer useful information but can't provide the direct information
on wether improvement in patient outcomes is the result of their use.
Disciplined Research - most sophisticated method of acquiring evidence and also the
most reliable.
Paradigm - ANSWER- A worldview, a general perspective on the complexities of the
"real" world.
Two broad paradigms are used for disciplined inquiry in the field of nursing; The
Positivist/Postpositivist Paradigm & The Naturalistic Paradigm
The Positivist Paradigm - ANSWER- Dominated nursing for decades
A reflection of a broader cultural phenomenon (modernism) that emphasizes the rational
and the scientific.
Much research is aimed at understanding the underlying causes of natural phenomena.
-Assumes that nature is basically ordered and regular and that an objective reality exists
independent of human observation.
-usually more of a quantitative context, w/ statistical analysis
-researcher distances themselves from the subjects
Naturalistic Paradigm - ANSWER- AKA - Constructivist paradigm
-usually more of a narrative context with qualitative analysis
-researcher interacts with subjects (closer the better)
Determinism - ANSWER- Refers to the positivists' belief that phenomena (observable
facts and events) are not haphazard or random, but rather have antecedent causes.
Inductive Reasoning - ANSWER- From specific to more general
Deductive Reasoning - ANSWER- From General to more specific
Quantitative Research - ANSWER- Positivist scientific method is a general set of
orderly, disciplined procedures used to acquire information. (Often use deductive
reasoning to generate predictions)
-Use a systematic approach- progress logically through steps as per their respecified
plan
-Use of various controls to decrease bias and increase precision and validity.
-collection of empirical evidence
-can only measure numerically - blood pressure, weight gain/loss, blood-glucose
readings, etc
