Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam from Credible
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Absolute Contraindications to Anticoagulation - CORRECT ANSWER: - active bleeding,
severe bleeding diathesis, platelets < 50,000, recent high bleeding-risk
surgery/procedure, major trauma, history of intracranial hemorrhage,
Adeno- - CORRECT ANSWER: *Glandular epithelial tissue*
- Adenoma: benign
- Adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor of glandular tissue
Adrenal Insufficiency: Diagnosing - CORRECT ANSWER: ACTH Stimulation test
(cosyntropin)
CMP
- Hyponatremia
- Hyperkalemia
- Mild non-gap acidosis
- Hypoglycemia
CBC
- Lymphocytosis
- Eosinophilia
TSH
- May be increased
,Adrenal Insufficiency: Signs and Symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER: Hyperpigmentation,
vitiligo, weakness, fatigue, poor appetite, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
myalgias as result of hyperkalemia, craving salt, hypoglycemia
Adrenal Insufficiency: Treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: Crisis:
Fluid resuscitation with NS or D5NS
Stress dose steroids (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone)
Determine cause
Vasopressors if necessary
Insufficiency:
Stress dose steroids (hydrocortisone, prednisone)
Alcohol OD - CORRECT ANSWER: - Disinhibition of normal social functioning
- Euphoria which is typically exhibited as excessive talking or showing off
- Ataxia which is typically exhibited as uncoordinated gait
- Poor judgment
- Loss of memory
- Slurred speech
- Vomiting
- Confusion/disorientation
- Progressive lethargy and coma
- Seizures and respiratory depression
Alpha-fetoprotein - CORRECT ANSWER: Tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
and testicular cancer
Benign Tumors - CORRECT ANSWER: Characteristics
- Slow growing
, - Well encapsulated, does not invade surrounding tissue
- Well differentiated cells, usually named after tissue around it
- Suffix of "-oma" (Lipoma, leiomyoma, adenoma)
Benzodiazepine OD - CORRECT ANSWER: - Dizziness
- Confusion
- Drowsiness
- Blurred vision
- Anxiety & agitation
- Unresponsiveness & coma
- Hallucinations
- Slurred speech
- Nystagmus
- Hypotonia
- Impaired cognition
- Weakness
- Respiratory depression
- Hypotension
Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (b-HCG) - CORRECT ANSWER: Tumor marker
for choriocarcinomas, teratomas, and seminomas
Bladder Cancer Metastasis - CORRECT ANSWER: Bone, liver, lung
Blastoma - CORRECT ANSWER: - Root word that pertains to *malignancy of nervous
system tissue*
Breast Cancer Metastasis - CORRECT ANSWER: Bone, brain, liver, lung