Midterm- Clinical Conditions
plasticity - ANS ability of the nervous system to change and adapt
developmental milestones - ANS behavior, ability, or skill that emerges at a particular age in most
children and can easily be observed and described
clinically most useful milestones - ANS Emerge within a reasonably narrow and predictable range of ages
Are easy to observe and describe
Do not vary tremendously from person to person
Are functionally relevant
primitive reflexes - ANS reflexes, controlled by "primitive" parts of the brain, that disappear during the
first year of life
integrated during 1st year
children develop postural reflexes by 3 and 1/2 years
typical developmental areas - ANS physical, cognitive, social, emotional, speech and language, identity,
self management, self help skills
physical development - ANS biological development including growth, development of specific fine and
gross mtoor skills, crawling, walking, grasping
cognitive development - ANS the development of thinking, problem solving, and memory
social development - ANS the development of self-awareness, attachment to parents or caregivers, and
relationships with other children and adults
,speech and language development - ANS ability to both understand and use language
infants (birth-12 months) - ANS learn to communicate through senses (touch, sight, hearing), help
parents understand importance of touch on emotional, physical, and cogntitive development,
communicate in gentle, high pitched tones with good eye contact, communicate through play, silly
noises or making faces, playing peek a boo, important to match your tone and activity to infant, dont
attempt to distract infant with play
typical development - ANS healthy newborn is born at 40 weeks with an appropriate weight and free of
infection, severe trauma, or congenital disabilities, a well regulated healthy full term infant possess the
necessary psychological stability at birth to control multiple body processes independently from his or
her mother, w/o undue stress to have his or her neurobehavioral system
factors associated with higher survival - ANS higher gestational age, higher birth rate, female gender
gestational age (menstrual age) - ANS first day of last menstrual period is beginning of gestation
Postmenstrual age - ANS gestational age plus the chronological age
chronological age - ANS corrected for prematurity to correlate with development
corrected age - ANS how old infant would be if born at term not prematurity
general range - ANS 38-42 weeks
any infant born between 38 weeks - ANS preterm
, 34-37 weeks - ANS late preterm
after 42 weeks - ANS post term
macrosomnia - ANS infant being born weighing more than 5000g (8lbs 13oz), big infant
average - ANS 2500-4000g
low birth weight - ANS less than 5.5 lbs
extremely low birth weight - ANS newborns who weigh less than 1,000 grams (2.2 pounds)
ultralow birth weight - ANS 1.5lbs
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) - ANS acute lung disease which the lungs cannot inflate due to lack
of surfacant
bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) - ANS mechanical injury from ventilation and prolonged high
concentration of oxygen
Chronic lung disease (CLD) - ANS The diagnosis includes BPD but recognizes that the chronic lung
problems can also be from heart defects and diaphragmatic hernias.
meconium aspiration - ANS occurs when fecal matter is passed by the infant and released into the
amniotic fluid under conditions of stress then later the infant amniotic fluid
apnea of prematurity - ANS Cessation of breathing for more than 20 seconds.
plasticity - ANS ability of the nervous system to change and adapt
developmental milestones - ANS behavior, ability, or skill that emerges at a particular age in most
children and can easily be observed and described
clinically most useful milestones - ANS Emerge within a reasonably narrow and predictable range of ages
Are easy to observe and describe
Do not vary tremendously from person to person
Are functionally relevant
primitive reflexes - ANS reflexes, controlled by "primitive" parts of the brain, that disappear during the
first year of life
integrated during 1st year
children develop postural reflexes by 3 and 1/2 years
typical developmental areas - ANS physical, cognitive, social, emotional, speech and language, identity,
self management, self help skills
physical development - ANS biological development including growth, development of specific fine and
gross mtoor skills, crawling, walking, grasping
cognitive development - ANS the development of thinking, problem solving, and memory
social development - ANS the development of self-awareness, attachment to parents or caregivers, and
relationships with other children and adults
,speech and language development - ANS ability to both understand and use language
infants (birth-12 months) - ANS learn to communicate through senses (touch, sight, hearing), help
parents understand importance of touch on emotional, physical, and cogntitive development,
communicate in gentle, high pitched tones with good eye contact, communicate through play, silly
noises or making faces, playing peek a boo, important to match your tone and activity to infant, dont
attempt to distract infant with play
typical development - ANS healthy newborn is born at 40 weeks with an appropriate weight and free of
infection, severe trauma, or congenital disabilities, a well regulated healthy full term infant possess the
necessary psychological stability at birth to control multiple body processes independently from his or
her mother, w/o undue stress to have his or her neurobehavioral system
factors associated with higher survival - ANS higher gestational age, higher birth rate, female gender
gestational age (menstrual age) - ANS first day of last menstrual period is beginning of gestation
Postmenstrual age - ANS gestational age plus the chronological age
chronological age - ANS corrected for prematurity to correlate with development
corrected age - ANS how old infant would be if born at term not prematurity
general range - ANS 38-42 weeks
any infant born between 38 weeks - ANS preterm
, 34-37 weeks - ANS late preterm
after 42 weeks - ANS post term
macrosomnia - ANS infant being born weighing more than 5000g (8lbs 13oz), big infant
average - ANS 2500-4000g
low birth weight - ANS less than 5.5 lbs
extremely low birth weight - ANS newborns who weigh less than 1,000 grams (2.2 pounds)
ultralow birth weight - ANS 1.5lbs
respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) - ANS acute lung disease which the lungs cannot inflate due to lack
of surfacant
bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) - ANS mechanical injury from ventilation and prolonged high
concentration of oxygen
Chronic lung disease (CLD) - ANS The diagnosis includes BPD but recognizes that the chronic lung
problems can also be from heart defects and diaphragmatic hernias.
meconium aspiration - ANS occurs when fecal matter is passed by the infant and released into the
amniotic fluid under conditions of stress then later the infant amniotic fluid
apnea of prematurity - ANS Cessation of breathing for more than 20 seconds.
