HESI MILESTONE #2 VERSION A AND B LATEST
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |AGRADE
Course
HESI
Question 1: Patient Assessment
1. Question: A nurse is assessing a patient’s abdomen. Which of the following findings
would be considered abnormal?
o A) Soft and non-tender
o B) Dullness upon percussion over the liver
o C) Hyperactive bowel sounds
o D) Symmetrical contour
Answer: C) Hyperactive bowel sounds
Rationale: Hyperactive bowel sounds may indicate conditions such as diarrhea or
gastrointestinal obstruction. Normal bowel sounds are intermittent and vary in
frequency.
Question 2: Medication Administration
2. Question: A nurse is administering a medication that is classified as a beta-blocker.
What is the primary action of this class of drugs?
o A) Decreases heart rate and myocardial contractility
o B) Increases blood pressure
o C) Dilates peripheral blood vessels
o D) Increases cardiac output
Answer: A) Decreases heart rate and myocardial contractility
Rationale: Beta-blockers primarily work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the
heart, which leads to decreased heart rate and contractility, ultimately lowering blood
pressure.
Question 3: Nutrition
3. Question: A patient with diabetes is being educated on dietary choices. Which food
should be included as a good source of fiber?
o A) White bread
o B) Brown rice
o C) Fresh fruit
, o D) Chicken breast
Answer: C) Fresh fruit
Rationale: Fresh fruits are high in fiber, which can help regulate blood sugar levels
and improve digestive health. Whole grains and vegetables also contain fiber, but
fresh fruit is often highlighted for its nutritional benefits.
Question 4: Infection Control
4. Question: What is the most effective method to prevent the spread of infection in a
healthcare setting?
o A) Wearing gloves
o B) Hand hygiene
o C) Using masks
o D) Isolation procedures
Answer: B) Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene is considered the most effective way to prevent the
transmission of infections, significantly reducing the incidence of healthcare-
associated infections.
Question 5: Vital Signs
5. Question: A patient’s temperature is recorded as 101.5°F. How should the nurse
interpret this finding?
o A) Normal
o B) Hypothermia
o C) Fever
o D) Hypothermic response
Answer: C) Fever
Rationale: A temperature above 100.4°F is considered a fever, indicating that the
body is likely fighting an infection or other inflammatory process.
Question 6: Pharmacology
6. Question: The nurse understands that which of the following medications requires
close monitoring of liver function?
o A) Acetaminophen
o B) Ibuprofen
, o C) Aspirin
o D) Naproxen
Answer: A) Acetaminophen
Rationale: Acetaminophen is metabolized in the liver, and excessive use can lead to
hepatotoxicity. Therefore, liver function should be monitored closely in patients
taking this medication.
Question 7: Cardiovascular Health
7. Question: Which lifestyle modification is most effective in reducing the risk of
cardiovascular disease?
o A) Decreasing carbohydrate intake
o B) Increasing physical activity
o C) Taking vitamin supplements
o D) Limiting fluid intake
Answer: B) Increasing physical activity
Rationale: Regular physical activity is one of the most effective lifestyle
modifications to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, along with healthy eating
and weight management.
Question 8: Mental Health
8. Question: A patient with depression is prescribed an SSRI (selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor). Which of the following should the nurse monitor for as a side
effect?
o A) Increased energy levels
o B) Sedation
o C) Serotonin syndrome
o D) Dry mouth
Answer: C) Serotonin syndrome
Rationale: SSRIs can lead to serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening
condition characterized by symptoms like agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, and
high blood pressure.
Question 9: Patient Education
, 9. Question: A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of medication
adherence. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
o A) "I understand that I should take my medications exactly as prescribed."
o B) "I can stop taking my medication when I feel better."
o C) "I will keep a list of my medications and dosages."
o D) "I will set reminders on my phone to help me remember."
Answer: B) "I can stop taking my medication when I feel better."
Rationale: This statement shows a misunderstanding of the importance of adherence
to prescribed medications, as stopping prematurely can lead to relapse or worsening
of the condition.
Question 10: Fluid Balance
10. Question: A patient is receiving intravenous fluids. What is the primary purpose of
administering isotonic solutions?
o A) To replace electrolytes
o B) To provide calories
o C) To maintain blood volume
o D) To promote diuresis
Answer: C) To maintain blood volume
Rationale: Isotonic solutions are used to maintain or restore blood volume and are
particularly useful in situations of hypovolemia or dehydration.
Question 11: Vital Signs
11. Question: A nurse is assessing a patient’s vital signs. Which of the following
temperatures would be considered hypothermia?
A) 95°F
B) 98.6°F
C) 99.5°F
D) 100.4°F
Answer: A) 95°F
Rationale: Hypothermia is defined as a body temperature below 95°F (35°C), which can lead
to serious complications if not addressed.
Question 12: Medication Side Effects
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |AGRADE
Course
HESI
Question 1: Patient Assessment
1. Question: A nurse is assessing a patient’s abdomen. Which of the following findings
would be considered abnormal?
o A) Soft and non-tender
o B) Dullness upon percussion over the liver
o C) Hyperactive bowel sounds
o D) Symmetrical contour
Answer: C) Hyperactive bowel sounds
Rationale: Hyperactive bowel sounds may indicate conditions such as diarrhea or
gastrointestinal obstruction. Normal bowel sounds are intermittent and vary in
frequency.
Question 2: Medication Administration
2. Question: A nurse is administering a medication that is classified as a beta-blocker.
What is the primary action of this class of drugs?
o A) Decreases heart rate and myocardial contractility
o B) Increases blood pressure
o C) Dilates peripheral blood vessels
o D) Increases cardiac output
Answer: A) Decreases heart rate and myocardial contractility
Rationale: Beta-blockers primarily work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the
heart, which leads to decreased heart rate and contractility, ultimately lowering blood
pressure.
Question 3: Nutrition
3. Question: A patient with diabetes is being educated on dietary choices. Which food
should be included as a good source of fiber?
o A) White bread
o B) Brown rice
o C) Fresh fruit
, o D) Chicken breast
Answer: C) Fresh fruit
Rationale: Fresh fruits are high in fiber, which can help regulate blood sugar levels
and improve digestive health. Whole grains and vegetables also contain fiber, but
fresh fruit is often highlighted for its nutritional benefits.
Question 4: Infection Control
4. Question: What is the most effective method to prevent the spread of infection in a
healthcare setting?
o A) Wearing gloves
o B) Hand hygiene
o C) Using masks
o D) Isolation procedures
Answer: B) Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene is considered the most effective way to prevent the
transmission of infections, significantly reducing the incidence of healthcare-
associated infections.
Question 5: Vital Signs
5. Question: A patient’s temperature is recorded as 101.5°F. How should the nurse
interpret this finding?
o A) Normal
o B) Hypothermia
o C) Fever
o D) Hypothermic response
Answer: C) Fever
Rationale: A temperature above 100.4°F is considered a fever, indicating that the
body is likely fighting an infection or other inflammatory process.
Question 6: Pharmacology
6. Question: The nurse understands that which of the following medications requires
close monitoring of liver function?
o A) Acetaminophen
o B) Ibuprofen
, o C) Aspirin
o D) Naproxen
Answer: A) Acetaminophen
Rationale: Acetaminophen is metabolized in the liver, and excessive use can lead to
hepatotoxicity. Therefore, liver function should be monitored closely in patients
taking this medication.
Question 7: Cardiovascular Health
7. Question: Which lifestyle modification is most effective in reducing the risk of
cardiovascular disease?
o A) Decreasing carbohydrate intake
o B) Increasing physical activity
o C) Taking vitamin supplements
o D) Limiting fluid intake
Answer: B) Increasing physical activity
Rationale: Regular physical activity is one of the most effective lifestyle
modifications to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, along with healthy eating
and weight management.
Question 8: Mental Health
8. Question: A patient with depression is prescribed an SSRI (selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor). Which of the following should the nurse monitor for as a side
effect?
o A) Increased energy levels
o B) Sedation
o C) Serotonin syndrome
o D) Dry mouth
Answer: C) Serotonin syndrome
Rationale: SSRIs can lead to serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening
condition characterized by symptoms like agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, and
high blood pressure.
Question 9: Patient Education
, 9. Question: A nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of medication
adherence. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
o A) "I understand that I should take my medications exactly as prescribed."
o B) "I can stop taking my medication when I feel better."
o C) "I will keep a list of my medications and dosages."
o D) "I will set reminders on my phone to help me remember."
Answer: B) "I can stop taking my medication when I feel better."
Rationale: This statement shows a misunderstanding of the importance of adherence
to prescribed medications, as stopping prematurely can lead to relapse or worsening
of the condition.
Question 10: Fluid Balance
10. Question: A patient is receiving intravenous fluids. What is the primary purpose of
administering isotonic solutions?
o A) To replace electrolytes
o B) To provide calories
o C) To maintain blood volume
o D) To promote diuresis
Answer: C) To maintain blood volume
Rationale: Isotonic solutions are used to maintain or restore blood volume and are
particularly useful in situations of hypovolemia or dehydration.
Question 11: Vital Signs
11. Question: A nurse is assessing a patient’s vital signs. Which of the following
temperatures would be considered hypothermia?
A) 95°F
B) 98.6°F
C) 99.5°F
D) 100.4°F
Answer: A) 95°F
Rationale: Hypothermia is defined as a body temperature below 95°F (35°C), which can lead
to serious complications if not addressed.
Question 12: Medication Side Effects
