BA 300 Exam 1
process of individual ethical decision making behavior - Answer- moral awareness,
ethical judgement, ethical behavior
more likely to recognize moral issue when - Answer- Peers consider it morally
problematic
Moral language is used when problem is presented. Like if boss says I don't know if
we can do this but...
Decision could cause serious harm to others
sound ethical decision making - Answer- Gather the facts
Define the ethical issues. What are issues involved or secondary.
Identify the affected parties. These are groups affected by my actions
Identify the consequences
Identify the obligations. Have you made any promises. u78
Consider your character and integrity
Think creatively about potential actions
Check your gut
Pygmalion effect - Answer- people's expectations or beliefs determine their behavior
and performance, thus serving to make their expectations come true.
expectations from managers actually come true
what shapes ethical decisions - Answer- the pygmalion effect
rewards and punishments
goals
diffusion of responsibility
diffusion of responsibility - Answer- the tendency for individuals to feel diminished
responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting
the same way
deindividuation - Answer- the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in
group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
ethics vs law - Answer- The relationship between ethics and the law. Sometimes the
law does not include things that are unethical.
Corporate rules as "law"- individuals break rules
Discrimination laws-the fair employment act. Does an ugly person mean that they
are going to make less revenue then someone who is goodlooking
whistleblower law - Answer- states that no employer can discharege, threaten, or
discriminate against any employee because the employee in good faith reported or
caused to be reported something that was believed to be a violation of a law or rule.
, cognitive biases: gathering facts - Answer- fact gathering. its the way we think
through a problem
confirmation trap - Answer- A cognitive bias that may influence your choice of which
facts to gather and where to look (88)
Happens due to our tendency to look for information that will confirm our preferred
answer/choice or neglect to search for evidence that might prove us wrong
In an attempt to overcome the confirmation trap, it's important to consciously try to
think of ways you could be wrong (89)
You may still miss some important facts, but you'll miss less than if you didn't think at
all
cognitive biases: looking at consequences - Answer- Looking at consequences
Reduced number of consequences
Consequences for self vs. others
Consequences as risk
Illusion of optimism(that they have done the right thing and things are going to work
out well
and illusion of control
Escalation of commitment-you might buy property just because you are committed to
it and pay too much for it
So...
Invite input, especially from those who disagree with you so you can get a different
mindset and opions.
escalation of commitment - Answer- an increased commitment to a previous decision
in spite of negative information
to stop this commitment and invite input
illusion of optimism - Answer- Overestimating the likelihood of good future events
and underestimating the bad
illusion of control - Answer- perception of uncontrollable events as subject to one's
control or as more controllable than they are
cognitive biases: thinking about integrity - Answer- Illusion of superiority- do you do
what your accounting boss says or what your other boss says. everyone thinks of
themselves as above average
Ethics of your profession
levels of moral development: level 1 - Answer- young kids: rewards/punishments,
exchange kids based on whatever they decide or how parents teach them
levels of moreal development: level 2 - Answer- Shared norms, societal obligations-
this is how society works. If "everyone does this" then society is screwed I am part of
the flow
process of individual ethical decision making behavior - Answer- moral awareness,
ethical judgement, ethical behavior
more likely to recognize moral issue when - Answer- Peers consider it morally
problematic
Moral language is used when problem is presented. Like if boss says I don't know if
we can do this but...
Decision could cause serious harm to others
sound ethical decision making - Answer- Gather the facts
Define the ethical issues. What are issues involved or secondary.
Identify the affected parties. These are groups affected by my actions
Identify the consequences
Identify the obligations. Have you made any promises. u78
Consider your character and integrity
Think creatively about potential actions
Check your gut
Pygmalion effect - Answer- people's expectations or beliefs determine their behavior
and performance, thus serving to make their expectations come true.
expectations from managers actually come true
what shapes ethical decisions - Answer- the pygmalion effect
rewards and punishments
goals
diffusion of responsibility
diffusion of responsibility - Answer- the tendency for individuals to feel diminished
responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting
the same way
deindividuation - Answer- the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in
group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
ethics vs law - Answer- The relationship between ethics and the law. Sometimes the
law does not include things that are unethical.
Corporate rules as "law"- individuals break rules
Discrimination laws-the fair employment act. Does an ugly person mean that they
are going to make less revenue then someone who is goodlooking
whistleblower law - Answer- states that no employer can discharege, threaten, or
discriminate against any employee because the employee in good faith reported or
caused to be reported something that was believed to be a violation of a law or rule.
, cognitive biases: gathering facts - Answer- fact gathering. its the way we think
through a problem
confirmation trap - Answer- A cognitive bias that may influence your choice of which
facts to gather and where to look (88)
Happens due to our tendency to look for information that will confirm our preferred
answer/choice or neglect to search for evidence that might prove us wrong
In an attempt to overcome the confirmation trap, it's important to consciously try to
think of ways you could be wrong (89)
You may still miss some important facts, but you'll miss less than if you didn't think at
all
cognitive biases: looking at consequences - Answer- Looking at consequences
Reduced number of consequences
Consequences for self vs. others
Consequences as risk
Illusion of optimism(that they have done the right thing and things are going to work
out well
and illusion of control
Escalation of commitment-you might buy property just because you are committed to
it and pay too much for it
So...
Invite input, especially from those who disagree with you so you can get a different
mindset and opions.
escalation of commitment - Answer- an increased commitment to a previous decision
in spite of negative information
to stop this commitment and invite input
illusion of optimism - Answer- Overestimating the likelihood of good future events
and underestimating the bad
illusion of control - Answer- perception of uncontrollable events as subject to one's
control or as more controllable than they are
cognitive biases: thinking about integrity - Answer- Illusion of superiority- do you do
what your accounting boss says or what your other boss says. everyone thinks of
themselves as above average
Ethics of your profession
levels of moral development: level 1 - Answer- young kids: rewards/punishments,
exchange kids based on whatever they decide or how parents teach them
levels of moreal development: level 2 - Answer- Shared norms, societal obligations-
this is how society works. If "everyone does this" then society is screwed I am part of
the flow
