ANATOMY FINAL EXAM - MCPHS ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE
Levels of Structural Organization in order
atoms -> molecules -> macromolecules -> organelles -> cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems ->
organism
Integumentary
Protection, temperature regulation, sensory reception (skin, hair)
Skeletal
Body framework, soft tissues protection, muscle attachment, blood cell production, salt storage
Muscular
Movement of body structures, posture, heat production
Nervous
Regulate body activities through nerve impulses (brain, spinal cord)
Endocrine
Regulate body activities via hormones
( thyroid, pituitary glands)
Cardiovascular
,Transportation of blood and other materials throughout body, acid base balance, important role in
temperature regulation ( heart, blood vessels)
Lymphatic
Production of white blood cells, transport of fats ( lymph nodes & vessels, thymus gland, spleen).
Respiratory
Supply oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide ( lungs & respiratory tract)
Digestive
Physical and chemical breakdown and absorption of food ( G. I. tract & accessory organs, liver, pancreas,
gall bladder
Urinary
Regulation of fluid electrolyte balance, urine transport ( kidneys, bladder)
Reproductive
Production of egg and sperm cells ( testes, penis, ovaries, uterus)
Dorsal Cavity
Cranial and Vertebral (brain, spinal cord)
Ventral Cavity
Comprised of Thoracic, Abdominal and Abdominopelvic cavities. Within thoracic (Pleural, Pericardial)
Negative Feedback
, Causes the body to go in the opposite direction of information (stimulus) that causes a change in the set
point. This is the Dominant system.
Postive Feedback
Causes the body to continue in the same direction of the stimulus (increasing a change in the set point).
ex: childbirth
Anabolism
Two or more atoms, ions or molecules coming together to form larger molecules or compounds
Catabolism
Larger molecules broken down to smaller molecules, ions or atoms
Reversible Reaction
When the end product can revert back to the original combining molecules
Metabolism
The Sum Total of All Synthesis and Decomposition reactions taking place in the body
Inorganic
Small, ionically bonded molecules. Ex. water, salts (sodium, chloride), Carbon dioxide.
Organic
Larger compounds, mostly covalent bonds. Used as building blocks of body structures. These compounds
contain carbon. Ex. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids.
Bloods PH
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE
Levels of Structural Organization in order
atoms -> molecules -> macromolecules -> organelles -> cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems ->
organism
Integumentary
Protection, temperature regulation, sensory reception (skin, hair)
Skeletal
Body framework, soft tissues protection, muscle attachment, blood cell production, salt storage
Muscular
Movement of body structures, posture, heat production
Nervous
Regulate body activities through nerve impulses (brain, spinal cord)
Endocrine
Regulate body activities via hormones
( thyroid, pituitary glands)
Cardiovascular
,Transportation of blood and other materials throughout body, acid base balance, important role in
temperature regulation ( heart, blood vessels)
Lymphatic
Production of white blood cells, transport of fats ( lymph nodes & vessels, thymus gland, spleen).
Respiratory
Supply oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide ( lungs & respiratory tract)
Digestive
Physical and chemical breakdown and absorption of food ( G. I. tract & accessory organs, liver, pancreas,
gall bladder
Urinary
Regulation of fluid electrolyte balance, urine transport ( kidneys, bladder)
Reproductive
Production of egg and sperm cells ( testes, penis, ovaries, uterus)
Dorsal Cavity
Cranial and Vertebral (brain, spinal cord)
Ventral Cavity
Comprised of Thoracic, Abdominal and Abdominopelvic cavities. Within thoracic (Pleural, Pericardial)
Negative Feedback
, Causes the body to go in the opposite direction of information (stimulus) that causes a change in the set
point. This is the Dominant system.
Postive Feedback
Causes the body to continue in the same direction of the stimulus (increasing a change in the set point).
ex: childbirth
Anabolism
Two or more atoms, ions or molecules coming together to form larger molecules or compounds
Catabolism
Larger molecules broken down to smaller molecules, ions or atoms
Reversible Reaction
When the end product can revert back to the original combining molecules
Metabolism
The Sum Total of All Synthesis and Decomposition reactions taking place in the body
Inorganic
Small, ionically bonded molecules. Ex. water, salts (sodium, chloride), Carbon dioxide.
Organic
Larger compounds, mostly covalent bonds. Used as building blocks of body structures. These compounds
contain carbon. Ex. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids.
Bloods PH
