MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY TEST 3 MCPHS (CH 14-18)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
etiology
cause of disease
pathology
study of disease
pathogensis
development of disease
commensalism
A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit
microbial antagonism (+examples)
competition between microbes; examples:
occupying niches pathogens may occupy, producing acids, producing bacteriocins
probiotics
live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to exert a beneficial effect
, How many microbes are in the human body?
3 X 10^13
outnumber cells 1-3:1
becterial genes outnumber cells 50-100:1
microbiota vs microbiome
microbiota- microorganisms that live in/on humans
microbiome- all the genomes of different microbial symbionts
Benefits of normal flora
1. Synthesize and excrete vitamins (K,B12)
2. Prevent colonization by pathogens- competition
3. May antagonize other bacteria by producing substances that kill pathogens)
4. Stimulate the development of certain tissues
5. Stimulate the production of cross-reactive antibodies
Mice raised in a germ-free environment display:
Decreased nutrient absorption
Less developed intestines
Vitamin deficiency
Underdeveloped immune system
Heighted sensitivity to pathogens
Lysozyme
an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
etiology
cause of disease
pathology
study of disease
pathogensis
development of disease
commensalism
A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit
microbial antagonism (+examples)
competition between microbes; examples:
occupying niches pathogens may occupy, producing acids, producing bacteriocins
probiotics
live microbes applied to or ingested into the body, intended to exert a beneficial effect
, How many microbes are in the human body?
3 X 10^13
outnumber cells 1-3:1
becterial genes outnumber cells 50-100:1
microbiota vs microbiome
microbiota- microorganisms that live in/on humans
microbiome- all the genomes of different microbial symbionts
Benefits of normal flora
1. Synthesize and excrete vitamins (K,B12)
2. Prevent colonization by pathogens- competition
3. May antagonize other bacteria by producing substances that kill pathogens)
4. Stimulate the development of certain tissues
5. Stimulate the production of cross-reactive antibodies
Mice raised in a germ-free environment display:
Decreased nutrient absorption
Less developed intestines
Vitamin deficiency
Underdeveloped immune system
Heighted sensitivity to pathogens
Lysozyme
an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria
