EPPP PSYCHOLOGY LICENSING EXAM ACTUAL EXAM
200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A
What are the basic biological drives in Freud's Structural Theory? - ANSWER: Self
Preservation Instincts, Sexual Instincts (libido), and Aggressive Drives
In Freud's theory, what is the logical ordered aspect of personality? - ANSWER: Ego
What principle does the Ego focus on? - ANSWER: The reality principle and functions
to suspend the pleasure principle according to the requirements of the environment
What part of the ego makes reason and judgement possible? - ANSWER: The
organizational, critical and synthesizing ability
How does the superego form? - ANSWER: As a result of a child satisfactorily passing
through the Oedipal development stage
What is the role of the superego? - ANSWER: Part of the ego that acts a conscience
What did early psychoanalytic theory emphasize as the basic dynamic of personality?
- ANSWER: Conflict
Who is the ego in constant conflict with? - ANSWER: ID, Superego, & Reality
What are defense mechanisms purpose? - ANSWER: Ego's way to relieve pressure
from drives - when the ego does not give into the id, there is constant pressure until
some satisfactory outlet is found
How else could you define a defense mechanism? - ANSWER: Are unconscious
mechanisms that operate to avoid activating the anxiety that would be caused by
conscious awareness of the conflict
What is the most basic defense mechanism and underlies all the defenses? -
ANSWER: Repression
What is the aim of psychoanalysis? - ANSWER: make the unconscious conscious, to
bring conflicts out of repression
How does psychoanalytic theory, define anxiety? - ANSWER: signals the breakdown
of the defensive structure such as when the defenses do not work well and an
impulse starts to break through
What is signal anxiety? - ANSWER: Impulse is seeking expression
,What is the primary process? Who governs it? - ANSWER: Unconscious mental
processes characterized by a lack of logic, ease of substitution of one idea for
another and by the immediate discharge of energy. It is governed by the id and the
pleasure principle.
What is the secondary process and who governs it? - ANSWER: Conscious mental
process, governed by the conscious part of the ego, functions according to the reality
principle and is logical and sequantial
What is resistance in psychoanalytic therapy? - ANSWER: when patients are unable
to recall the traumatic memories that give rise to their symptoms
What is transference? - ANSWER: Therapists neutrality allows the patient to project
onto the therapist positive or negative feelings he or she originally had for another
significant person from the past.
What is repetition compulsion? - ANSWER: Apart of transference, one repeats
feelings and affects from the past in the present. As a repetition of unresolved
unconscious conflicts, patients may experience love, hate, or erotic feelings for their
therapist.
What is positive transference? - ANSWER: displaced love longings or the feelings of
affection, openness, and friendliness that allow for a working relationship between
the patient and the therapist/therapy.
What did Zetzel call positive transference in 1956 and similarly Greenson in 1965? -
ANSWER: Zetzel called it "therapeutic alliance" and Greenson called it "working
alliance" - therapeutic alliance has been found to be an early indicator of therapeutic
outcome
According to Freud, how important is transference? - ANSWER: Transference is
necessary for the process of treatment and working through transference is
important source of personal growth
What is countertransference? - ANSWER: Therapist's INAPPROPRIATE reactions to a
patient based on his or own enactment of personal needs and resistance to the
treatment.
As defined by Greenson (1965), what are the four steps of psychoanalysis? -
ANSWER: 1. Confrontation 2. Clarification 3. Interpretation 4. Working Through
What is confrontation? - ANSWER: Patient has to be shown that he or she is
behaving in a neurotic way
What is clarification? - ANSWER: Trying to understand what, why, how the patient is
resisting - issues motivating the behavior are explored.
, What is interpretation? - ANSWER: Interpretations must be given in a manner that
the patient can hear. Interpretations are given again and again in order for true
psychic change to occur. Interpretation leads to insight, catharsis, and working
through.
What is catharsis? - ANSWER: Emotional release resulting from the recall of
unconscious material.
What is working through? - ANSWER: Assimilation of insights into the personality
How can parallel process be utilized in as a beneficial process? - ANSWER: The
process can be reversed: When a supervisor responds appropriately to a counselor's
behavior, the counselor, in turn, responds appropriately to the client.
Which of the following is probably the best sign that a working alliance in
psychotherapy has been established?
a. The client refers others to the therapist
b. The client thinks about problems outside of therapy - ANSWER: The answer is b. In
psychoanalysis, a working alliance is a positive feeling toward the therapist that is
motivated by a realistic wish to progress in therapy. Of the choices, thinking about
one's problems outside a session would represent the clearest evidence that a
working alliance has been established, since it is a sign that the client is committed to
change.
What two levels did Jung believe that the unconscious exists on? - ANSWER: the
individual (or personal) unconscious and the collective unconscious. The personal
unconscious arises from repression, the collective unconscious refers to the person's
unconscious which is common to all human beings.
How did you define archetypes? - ANSWER: motifs, images, or symbols that exist
prior to experience, are manifested by all individuals in all cultures and are
instinctual.
What are the four main forms of the archetypes? - ANSWER: the Self, the Shadow,
the Anima, and the Animus
According to Jung, the more aware of the ______ unconscious one becomes, the
more of the _______ unconscious is revealed and one's psyche internally self-
regulates and neurosis resolves. - ANSWER: personal, collective
How did Adler define inferiority complexes? Which resulted in what? - ANSWER:
Every child experiences feelings of inferiority that supply the motivation to grow,
dominate, and be superior; this resulted in the masculine protest.
What is organ inferiority? - ANSWER: When the inferiority complex may develop in
connection with a particular body part
200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A
What are the basic biological drives in Freud's Structural Theory? - ANSWER: Self
Preservation Instincts, Sexual Instincts (libido), and Aggressive Drives
In Freud's theory, what is the logical ordered aspect of personality? - ANSWER: Ego
What principle does the Ego focus on? - ANSWER: The reality principle and functions
to suspend the pleasure principle according to the requirements of the environment
What part of the ego makes reason and judgement possible? - ANSWER: The
organizational, critical and synthesizing ability
How does the superego form? - ANSWER: As a result of a child satisfactorily passing
through the Oedipal development stage
What is the role of the superego? - ANSWER: Part of the ego that acts a conscience
What did early psychoanalytic theory emphasize as the basic dynamic of personality?
- ANSWER: Conflict
Who is the ego in constant conflict with? - ANSWER: ID, Superego, & Reality
What are defense mechanisms purpose? - ANSWER: Ego's way to relieve pressure
from drives - when the ego does not give into the id, there is constant pressure until
some satisfactory outlet is found
How else could you define a defense mechanism? - ANSWER: Are unconscious
mechanisms that operate to avoid activating the anxiety that would be caused by
conscious awareness of the conflict
What is the most basic defense mechanism and underlies all the defenses? -
ANSWER: Repression
What is the aim of psychoanalysis? - ANSWER: make the unconscious conscious, to
bring conflicts out of repression
How does psychoanalytic theory, define anxiety? - ANSWER: signals the breakdown
of the defensive structure such as when the defenses do not work well and an
impulse starts to break through
What is signal anxiety? - ANSWER: Impulse is seeking expression
,What is the primary process? Who governs it? - ANSWER: Unconscious mental
processes characterized by a lack of logic, ease of substitution of one idea for
another and by the immediate discharge of energy. It is governed by the id and the
pleasure principle.
What is the secondary process and who governs it? - ANSWER: Conscious mental
process, governed by the conscious part of the ego, functions according to the reality
principle and is logical and sequantial
What is resistance in psychoanalytic therapy? - ANSWER: when patients are unable
to recall the traumatic memories that give rise to their symptoms
What is transference? - ANSWER: Therapists neutrality allows the patient to project
onto the therapist positive or negative feelings he or she originally had for another
significant person from the past.
What is repetition compulsion? - ANSWER: Apart of transference, one repeats
feelings and affects from the past in the present. As a repetition of unresolved
unconscious conflicts, patients may experience love, hate, or erotic feelings for their
therapist.
What is positive transference? - ANSWER: displaced love longings or the feelings of
affection, openness, and friendliness that allow for a working relationship between
the patient and the therapist/therapy.
What did Zetzel call positive transference in 1956 and similarly Greenson in 1965? -
ANSWER: Zetzel called it "therapeutic alliance" and Greenson called it "working
alliance" - therapeutic alliance has been found to be an early indicator of therapeutic
outcome
According to Freud, how important is transference? - ANSWER: Transference is
necessary for the process of treatment and working through transference is
important source of personal growth
What is countertransference? - ANSWER: Therapist's INAPPROPRIATE reactions to a
patient based on his or own enactment of personal needs and resistance to the
treatment.
As defined by Greenson (1965), what are the four steps of psychoanalysis? -
ANSWER: 1. Confrontation 2. Clarification 3. Interpretation 4. Working Through
What is confrontation? - ANSWER: Patient has to be shown that he or she is
behaving in a neurotic way
What is clarification? - ANSWER: Trying to understand what, why, how the patient is
resisting - issues motivating the behavior are explored.
, What is interpretation? - ANSWER: Interpretations must be given in a manner that
the patient can hear. Interpretations are given again and again in order for true
psychic change to occur. Interpretation leads to insight, catharsis, and working
through.
What is catharsis? - ANSWER: Emotional release resulting from the recall of
unconscious material.
What is working through? - ANSWER: Assimilation of insights into the personality
How can parallel process be utilized in as a beneficial process? - ANSWER: The
process can be reversed: When a supervisor responds appropriately to a counselor's
behavior, the counselor, in turn, responds appropriately to the client.
Which of the following is probably the best sign that a working alliance in
psychotherapy has been established?
a. The client refers others to the therapist
b. The client thinks about problems outside of therapy - ANSWER: The answer is b. In
psychoanalysis, a working alliance is a positive feeling toward the therapist that is
motivated by a realistic wish to progress in therapy. Of the choices, thinking about
one's problems outside a session would represent the clearest evidence that a
working alliance has been established, since it is a sign that the client is committed to
change.
What two levels did Jung believe that the unconscious exists on? - ANSWER: the
individual (or personal) unconscious and the collective unconscious. The personal
unconscious arises from repression, the collective unconscious refers to the person's
unconscious which is common to all human beings.
How did you define archetypes? - ANSWER: motifs, images, or symbols that exist
prior to experience, are manifested by all individuals in all cultures and are
instinctual.
What are the four main forms of the archetypes? - ANSWER: the Self, the Shadow,
the Anima, and the Animus
According to Jung, the more aware of the ______ unconscious one becomes, the
more of the _______ unconscious is revealed and one's psyche internally self-
regulates and neurosis resolves. - ANSWER: personal, collective
How did Adler define inferiority complexes? Which resulted in what? - ANSWER:
Every child experiences feelings of inferiority that supply the motivation to grow,
dominate, and be superior; this resulted in the masculine protest.
What is organ inferiority? - ANSWER: When the inferiority complex may develop in
connection with a particular body part
