PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 3 RASMUSSEN NEWEST 2024
ACTUAL EXAM 120 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Digoxin for A-Fib and CHF does what? - ANSWER: slows and strengthens the heart
Digoxin can be administered by? and how (push)? - ANSWER: PO or IV
slowly over 5 minutes
Digoxin therapeutic window - ANSWER: Narrow
0.5-2.0 ng/mL
Digoxin toxicity occurs at? antidote? - ANSWER: >2.0 ng/ML
antidote is digibind
s/s of digoxin toxicity - ANSWER: -anorexia
-nausea
-PVC's
-cardiac dysrhythmias
-headaches
-malaise
-blurred vision
-visual illusions: *GREEN/YELLOW HALOS*
When should you hold digoxin? - ANSWER: HR <60
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) - ANSWER: antihypertensive
diuretic
What is hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) used for? - ANSWER: -management of mild to
moderate hypertension
-tx of edema
Proper dosing (PO) for hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) - ANSWER: 12.5-100 mg/day in
one to two doses
up to 200 mg/day
*DO NOT EXCEED 50 mg/day for hypertension
Doses over 25mg may cause electrolyte imbalance
Normal potassium (K+) levels - ANSWER: 3.5-5.2 mEq/L
When should you hold HTCZ? - ANSWER: when potassium is too low or when patient
is hypokalemic
, Hypokalemia s/s - ANSWER: -cardiac dysrhythmias
-twitching
-fatigue
-paresthesias
-dyspnea
-cramping
-diarrhea
Hyperkalemia s/s - ANSWER: -muscle weakness
-lethargy
-anorexia
-dysrhythmias
HCTZ is a thiazide diuretic and __________ is the main concern. - ANSWER: K+ loss
(potassium)
HCTZ diet concerns - ANSWER: eat a diet high in potassium
(strawberries, bananas, dried apricots, prunes, tomatoes, beets, orange juice, and
fresh meats)
Side effects of HCTZ - ANSWER: -hypokalemia
-Stevens Johnson syndrome
-photosensitivity
-hypotension
-drowsiness
-weakness
What is HCTZ contraindicated with? - ANSWER: other thiazides or sulfonamides,
anuria
How should HCTZ be taken? - ANSWER: same time each day, DO NOT double doses,
in the evening
HCTZ can cause _________, alcohol increases this risk. The patient should what? -
ANSWER: orthostatic hypotension
change positions slowly
Hypokalemia potassium levels
Hyperkalemia potassium levels - ANSWER: <3.5 mEq/L
>5.2 mEq/L
Ace inhibitor - ANSWER: lisinopril (Zestril)
all end in "il"
Lisinopril (Zestril)-ace inhibitor, action? - ANSWER: decrease workload of the heart
decrease BP
ACTUAL EXAM 120 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Digoxin for A-Fib and CHF does what? - ANSWER: slows and strengthens the heart
Digoxin can be administered by? and how (push)? - ANSWER: PO or IV
slowly over 5 minutes
Digoxin therapeutic window - ANSWER: Narrow
0.5-2.0 ng/mL
Digoxin toxicity occurs at? antidote? - ANSWER: >2.0 ng/ML
antidote is digibind
s/s of digoxin toxicity - ANSWER: -anorexia
-nausea
-PVC's
-cardiac dysrhythmias
-headaches
-malaise
-blurred vision
-visual illusions: *GREEN/YELLOW HALOS*
When should you hold digoxin? - ANSWER: HR <60
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) - ANSWER: antihypertensive
diuretic
What is hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) used for? - ANSWER: -management of mild to
moderate hypertension
-tx of edema
Proper dosing (PO) for hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) - ANSWER: 12.5-100 mg/day in
one to two doses
up to 200 mg/day
*DO NOT EXCEED 50 mg/day for hypertension
Doses over 25mg may cause electrolyte imbalance
Normal potassium (K+) levels - ANSWER: 3.5-5.2 mEq/L
When should you hold HTCZ? - ANSWER: when potassium is too low or when patient
is hypokalemic
, Hypokalemia s/s - ANSWER: -cardiac dysrhythmias
-twitching
-fatigue
-paresthesias
-dyspnea
-cramping
-diarrhea
Hyperkalemia s/s - ANSWER: -muscle weakness
-lethargy
-anorexia
-dysrhythmias
HCTZ is a thiazide diuretic and __________ is the main concern. - ANSWER: K+ loss
(potassium)
HCTZ diet concerns - ANSWER: eat a diet high in potassium
(strawberries, bananas, dried apricots, prunes, tomatoes, beets, orange juice, and
fresh meats)
Side effects of HCTZ - ANSWER: -hypokalemia
-Stevens Johnson syndrome
-photosensitivity
-hypotension
-drowsiness
-weakness
What is HCTZ contraindicated with? - ANSWER: other thiazides or sulfonamides,
anuria
How should HCTZ be taken? - ANSWER: same time each day, DO NOT double doses,
in the evening
HCTZ can cause _________, alcohol increases this risk. The patient should what? -
ANSWER: orthostatic hypotension
change positions slowly
Hypokalemia potassium levels
Hyperkalemia potassium levels - ANSWER: <3.5 mEq/L
>5.2 mEq/L
Ace inhibitor - ANSWER: lisinopril (Zestril)
all end in "il"
Lisinopril (Zestril)-ace inhibitor, action? - ANSWER: decrease workload of the heart
decrease BP
