EMT –B NC STATE EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
FIRST STAGE OF LABOR - ANSWER: The first stage occurs from onset of true labor
contractions till dilation and effacement of the uterus.
2nd stage of labor - ANSWER: The hallmark finding in the second stage of labor is the
complete delivery of the baby.
3rd stage of labor - ANSWER: The third stage occurs when the placenta delivers.
Ligaments connect.... - ANSWER: Bone to Bone
Tendons connect - ANSWER: Bone to Muscle
START Triage 1st Step - ANSWER: START triage begins by asking patients to get up
and walk to a collection point
START Triage 2nd step - ANSWER: respirations are assessed
START Triage 3rd Step - ANSWER: if the patient is not breathing, the airway is
opened.
START Triage 4th Step - ANSWER: Pulse is then assessed
START Triage 5th Step - ANSWER: Check mental status.
Rule of 9's:Child:BACK - ANSWER: child's back represents 18% of his body surface
area
Rule of 9's:Child: Both Legs (Front & Back) - ANSWER: the front and back of both legs
each represent 7%
Rule of 9's:Child:Torso (Front & Back) - ANSWER: child's anterior and posterior torso
would represent 36%
Primary blast stage - ANSWER: also known as the pressure wave), damages hollow,
gas containing organs of the body such as the lungs, GI system, inner ears, and
sinuses.
Secondary blast - ANSWER: The secondary phase causes cause blunt and penetration
injuries from flying debris.
Tertiary phase of blast - ANSWER: tertiary phase are injuries sustained from the
patient being thrown back and impacting something (wall, ground, etc.).
,A 71-year-old female has fallen and complains of left hip pain. On examination you
note her left foot is rotated laterally. This finding most likely indicates a - ANSWER:
femur fracture
"5 Rights" of medication administration. - ANSWER: right patient, right medication,
right route, right dose, and right time.
If you are responsible for establishing the landing zone for the helicopter, what is the
minimum size of the LZ you should prepare assuming the rescue efforts are occurring
at night? - ANSWER: The minimum size of the landing zone at night is 100' by 100'.
During daylight, the minimum LZ zone is 60' by 60'. In either situation the LZ should
be square, with a marker indicating the direction of wind travel
Which one of the following is a sign of Cushing's triad (Cushing's reflex) that occurs
with traumatic brain injury? - ANSWER: The vital signs are an increased blood
pressure, slowing pulse rate, and irregular respirations (classically seen as Cheyne-
Stokes).
Classes of hemorrhage - ANSWER: A Class III hemorrhage is said to occur when the
patient has lost 30-40% of their circulating blood volume. This is a significant bleed
due to the fact that the body's compensatory mechanisms are maximized, and any
additional blood loss will now create significant disturbances in hemodynamic
stability. In Class I and II hemorrhage, blood pressure remains acceptable, in Class IV
hemorrhage the blood pressure drops dangerously low.
APGAR SCORE - ANSWER: Appearance: 0=blue/pale; 1=blue & pink; 2=no cyanosis-all
pink
Pulse Rate: 0=Absent; 1=<100; 2=>100
Reflex: 0=no response to stimuli; 1=grimace; 2=cry or pull away
Activity: 0=None; 1=some flexion,2=flexed arms/legs resisting extension
Respiratory: 0=Absent; 1=weak, irregular; 2=strong, lusty cry
Organs in Upper Right Quadrant of Abs - ANSWER: The liver is found primarily within
the boundaries of the upper right quadrant.
Organs in Upper Left Quadrant of Abs - ANSWER: The stomach and spleen are
typically found in the upper left quadrant.
Bladder location - ANSWER: The bladder is found on the midline between the lower
two quadrants.
,Communication "Reflection" - ANSWER: Reflection is a technique where you
paraphrase the patient's words to encourage more information and to build trust
Minimum safe residual pressure in oxygen tank is? - ANSWER: The minimum safe
residual pressure in an oxygen tank is 200 psi.
Nasal cannula oxygen flow rate - ANSWER: 1 to 6L/min
Nasal cannula oxygen concentration - ANSWER: 24% to 44%
NRB Flow rate - ANSWER: 12 to 15L/min
NRB oxygen delivered - ANSWER: 90% to 100%
Venturi mask oxygen delivery - ANSWER: 24, 28, 35, 40 percent
BVM flow rate and oxygen delivery - ANSWER: 15L /min and nearly 100%
Cheyne-Stokes Respirations - ANSWER: Shows irregular respirations followed by a
period of apnea
Ataxic Respirations - ANSWER: irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not
have an identifiable pattern.
ICP (intracranial Pressure) Signs/symptoms - ANSWER: decreased pulse
(Bradycardia), increased B/P (Hypertension), irregular respirations.
ICP Defined - ANSWER: Accumulations of blood within the skull or swelling of the
brain.
Triad of signs (Cushing's Reflex) are: (Usually seen with ICP) - ANSWER: 1. Increased
systolic B/P
2. Decreased pulse rate
3. Irregular respirations.
Glascow Comas Scale (GCS) Components; - ANSWER: Eye opening,
Verbal Response
Motor Response
GCS (Eye Opening) Ratings - ANSWER: Spontaneous-4
Verbal response-3
Response to pain-2
None-1
GCS (Verbal Response) Ratings - ANSWER: Oriented Conversation-5
Confused Conversation-4
Inappropriate Words-3
, Incomprehensible sounds-2
None-1
GCS (Best Motor Response) - ANSWER: Obeys Commands-6
Localizes Pain-5
Withdraws Pain-4
Abnormal Flexion-3
Abnormal Extension-2
None-1
GCS Scores Total Ratings: - ANSWER: 13-15: mild dysfunction; 15 is considered a
person with no neurologic disabilities
A oxygen tank which holds 350 liters - ANSWER: D Cylinder (portable)
D Tank (PSI): - ANSWER: 2000 psi
Severe allergic reaction signs: - ANSWER: urticaria, bronchosphasm, swelling of lips
Order of assessing a patient after scene size up: - ANSWER: 1. Initial assessment
2. Focused Assessment
3. Complete assessment
4. Ongoing Assessment
Ethics: - ANSWER: Philosophy of right and wrong, of moral duties,
CQI - ANSWER: Circular System of continuous internal and external reviews and
audits of all aspects of an ems system
General Adaptation Syndrome (stress) - ANSWER: 1. Alarm Response
2. Reaction and Resistance
3. Recovery or exhaustion
Fight or Flight Response - ANSWER: The physiologic response involves the interaction
of the endocrine and nervous systems.
Pulse rate:adult - ANSWER: 60-100
Pulse rate : newborn - ANSWER: 140-160
Pulse rate: child(6-12) - ANSWER: 65-110
PERL: dilated signs - ANSWER: Cerebral hypoxia, cocaine, Epi, amphetamine
PERL: small eye signs - ANSWER: Narcotic, organophosphate
PERL: Unequal eyes - ANSWER: Brain injury, can be normal
COMPLETE 350 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) /ALREADY GRADED A+
FIRST STAGE OF LABOR - ANSWER: The first stage occurs from onset of true labor
contractions till dilation and effacement of the uterus.
2nd stage of labor - ANSWER: The hallmark finding in the second stage of labor is the
complete delivery of the baby.
3rd stage of labor - ANSWER: The third stage occurs when the placenta delivers.
Ligaments connect.... - ANSWER: Bone to Bone
Tendons connect - ANSWER: Bone to Muscle
START Triage 1st Step - ANSWER: START triage begins by asking patients to get up
and walk to a collection point
START Triage 2nd step - ANSWER: respirations are assessed
START Triage 3rd Step - ANSWER: if the patient is not breathing, the airway is
opened.
START Triage 4th Step - ANSWER: Pulse is then assessed
START Triage 5th Step - ANSWER: Check mental status.
Rule of 9's:Child:BACK - ANSWER: child's back represents 18% of his body surface
area
Rule of 9's:Child: Both Legs (Front & Back) - ANSWER: the front and back of both legs
each represent 7%
Rule of 9's:Child:Torso (Front & Back) - ANSWER: child's anterior and posterior torso
would represent 36%
Primary blast stage - ANSWER: also known as the pressure wave), damages hollow,
gas containing organs of the body such as the lungs, GI system, inner ears, and
sinuses.
Secondary blast - ANSWER: The secondary phase causes cause blunt and penetration
injuries from flying debris.
Tertiary phase of blast - ANSWER: tertiary phase are injuries sustained from the
patient being thrown back and impacting something (wall, ground, etc.).
,A 71-year-old female has fallen and complains of left hip pain. On examination you
note her left foot is rotated laterally. This finding most likely indicates a - ANSWER:
femur fracture
"5 Rights" of medication administration. - ANSWER: right patient, right medication,
right route, right dose, and right time.
If you are responsible for establishing the landing zone for the helicopter, what is the
minimum size of the LZ you should prepare assuming the rescue efforts are occurring
at night? - ANSWER: The minimum size of the landing zone at night is 100' by 100'.
During daylight, the minimum LZ zone is 60' by 60'. In either situation the LZ should
be square, with a marker indicating the direction of wind travel
Which one of the following is a sign of Cushing's triad (Cushing's reflex) that occurs
with traumatic brain injury? - ANSWER: The vital signs are an increased blood
pressure, slowing pulse rate, and irregular respirations (classically seen as Cheyne-
Stokes).
Classes of hemorrhage - ANSWER: A Class III hemorrhage is said to occur when the
patient has lost 30-40% of their circulating blood volume. This is a significant bleed
due to the fact that the body's compensatory mechanisms are maximized, and any
additional blood loss will now create significant disturbances in hemodynamic
stability. In Class I and II hemorrhage, blood pressure remains acceptable, in Class IV
hemorrhage the blood pressure drops dangerously low.
APGAR SCORE - ANSWER: Appearance: 0=blue/pale; 1=blue & pink; 2=no cyanosis-all
pink
Pulse Rate: 0=Absent; 1=<100; 2=>100
Reflex: 0=no response to stimuli; 1=grimace; 2=cry or pull away
Activity: 0=None; 1=some flexion,2=flexed arms/legs resisting extension
Respiratory: 0=Absent; 1=weak, irregular; 2=strong, lusty cry
Organs in Upper Right Quadrant of Abs - ANSWER: The liver is found primarily within
the boundaries of the upper right quadrant.
Organs in Upper Left Quadrant of Abs - ANSWER: The stomach and spleen are
typically found in the upper left quadrant.
Bladder location - ANSWER: The bladder is found on the midline between the lower
two quadrants.
,Communication "Reflection" - ANSWER: Reflection is a technique where you
paraphrase the patient's words to encourage more information and to build trust
Minimum safe residual pressure in oxygen tank is? - ANSWER: The minimum safe
residual pressure in an oxygen tank is 200 psi.
Nasal cannula oxygen flow rate - ANSWER: 1 to 6L/min
Nasal cannula oxygen concentration - ANSWER: 24% to 44%
NRB Flow rate - ANSWER: 12 to 15L/min
NRB oxygen delivered - ANSWER: 90% to 100%
Venturi mask oxygen delivery - ANSWER: 24, 28, 35, 40 percent
BVM flow rate and oxygen delivery - ANSWER: 15L /min and nearly 100%
Cheyne-Stokes Respirations - ANSWER: Shows irregular respirations followed by a
period of apnea
Ataxic Respirations - ANSWER: irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not
have an identifiable pattern.
ICP (intracranial Pressure) Signs/symptoms - ANSWER: decreased pulse
(Bradycardia), increased B/P (Hypertension), irregular respirations.
ICP Defined - ANSWER: Accumulations of blood within the skull or swelling of the
brain.
Triad of signs (Cushing's Reflex) are: (Usually seen with ICP) - ANSWER: 1. Increased
systolic B/P
2. Decreased pulse rate
3. Irregular respirations.
Glascow Comas Scale (GCS) Components; - ANSWER: Eye opening,
Verbal Response
Motor Response
GCS (Eye Opening) Ratings - ANSWER: Spontaneous-4
Verbal response-3
Response to pain-2
None-1
GCS (Verbal Response) Ratings - ANSWER: Oriented Conversation-5
Confused Conversation-4
Inappropriate Words-3
, Incomprehensible sounds-2
None-1
GCS (Best Motor Response) - ANSWER: Obeys Commands-6
Localizes Pain-5
Withdraws Pain-4
Abnormal Flexion-3
Abnormal Extension-2
None-1
GCS Scores Total Ratings: - ANSWER: 13-15: mild dysfunction; 15 is considered a
person with no neurologic disabilities
A oxygen tank which holds 350 liters - ANSWER: D Cylinder (portable)
D Tank (PSI): - ANSWER: 2000 psi
Severe allergic reaction signs: - ANSWER: urticaria, bronchosphasm, swelling of lips
Order of assessing a patient after scene size up: - ANSWER: 1. Initial assessment
2. Focused Assessment
3. Complete assessment
4. Ongoing Assessment
Ethics: - ANSWER: Philosophy of right and wrong, of moral duties,
CQI - ANSWER: Circular System of continuous internal and external reviews and
audits of all aspects of an ems system
General Adaptation Syndrome (stress) - ANSWER: 1. Alarm Response
2. Reaction and Resistance
3. Recovery or exhaustion
Fight or Flight Response - ANSWER: The physiologic response involves the interaction
of the endocrine and nervous systems.
Pulse rate:adult - ANSWER: 60-100
Pulse rate : newborn - ANSWER: 140-160
Pulse rate: child(6-12) - ANSWER: 65-110
PERL: dilated signs - ANSWER: Cerebral hypoxia, cocaine, Epi, amphetamine
PERL: small eye signs - ANSWER: Narcotic, organophosphate
PERL: Unequal eyes - ANSWER: Brain injury, can be normal
