EXSC 221 MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND
THEIR EXPECTED ANSWERS
lifestyle and disease
80% of disease is contributed to lifestyle factors
What is considered the second brain?
Enteric nervous system (ENS): the system of nerves and
neurotransmitters in the gastrointestinal system.
Also referred to as the "brain in the belly," it controls
digestion and plays a role in our emotional or mental state.
materialism
the belief that ultimate reality is something that has
material properties and that which is immaterial does not
exist (I am only my body)
immaterialism
the belief that ultimate reality is something that has no
material properties; this reduces matter to that which is not
real (I am only my mind)
holism
- "I am my body and I am my mind"
- the mind and body in holism are more alike than different
and work together to constitute our human reality
- mind and body are compatible and comparable in
importance
wellness
- a state of being that maximizes quality of life
- internal harmony, optimal energy, and aliveness
- more than just avoiding disease; wellness living captures
the desire and the capacity to thrive
,- state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
dimensions
physical, mental, social, and emotional are dimensions of
the whole person, while "wellness" is the overall harmony
of those dimensions
Thoughts and feelings affect how the cells function,
according to __________.
psychoneuroimmunology
Immaterialism claims that the reality of human life is
__________.
not matter
Materialism claims that the reality of human life is
__________.
only the body
Holism claims that the reality of human life is
__________.
mind and body
Wellness includes
- optimal energy
- the desire and capacity to thrive
- feelings of peace and harmony of being
- health, fitness, and overall well-being
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
the research arm that supports behavioral medicine and
investigates the manner in which thoughts and feelings
affect the immune system and cause increased or
decreased susceptibility to disease
neurotransmitters
chemicals that facilitate communication from one nerve
cell (neuron) to another across a synapse, neuropeptides
, are one form of neurotransmitters that neurons use to
communicate via cell receptors
brain, behavior, and immunity
- too much stress can make you age faster
- physical activity can make you smarter
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
a human protein that promotes growth of neurons and
synapses in the brain
neuroplasticity
the ability of the brain to change neural connections and
reorganize neural pathways, this can occur at any age
cartesian dualism
the mind and body are two incompatible entities causing
one to be antagonistic to the other
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
a number of medical methods that work to rid a person of
disharmony and restore harmony and thus health and
healing
paradigm
a model or pattern that affects how a person views reality;
a paradigm shift is a conscious effort to see things in a
new way
chronic disease
human health condition or disease that has long-lasting
effects and for which there may not be a cure
epigenome
cellular changes that result due to influences other than
genes that occur while the DNA of the cell remains
unchanged
preventive medicine
THEIR EXPECTED ANSWERS
lifestyle and disease
80% of disease is contributed to lifestyle factors
What is considered the second brain?
Enteric nervous system (ENS): the system of nerves and
neurotransmitters in the gastrointestinal system.
Also referred to as the "brain in the belly," it controls
digestion and plays a role in our emotional or mental state.
materialism
the belief that ultimate reality is something that has
material properties and that which is immaterial does not
exist (I am only my body)
immaterialism
the belief that ultimate reality is something that has no
material properties; this reduces matter to that which is not
real (I am only my mind)
holism
- "I am my body and I am my mind"
- the mind and body in holism are more alike than different
and work together to constitute our human reality
- mind and body are compatible and comparable in
importance
wellness
- a state of being that maximizes quality of life
- internal harmony, optimal energy, and aliveness
- more than just avoiding disease; wellness living captures
the desire and the capacity to thrive
,- state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
dimensions
physical, mental, social, and emotional are dimensions of
the whole person, while "wellness" is the overall harmony
of those dimensions
Thoughts and feelings affect how the cells function,
according to __________.
psychoneuroimmunology
Immaterialism claims that the reality of human life is
__________.
not matter
Materialism claims that the reality of human life is
__________.
only the body
Holism claims that the reality of human life is
__________.
mind and body
Wellness includes
- optimal energy
- the desire and capacity to thrive
- feelings of peace and harmony of being
- health, fitness, and overall well-being
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
the research arm that supports behavioral medicine and
investigates the manner in which thoughts and feelings
affect the immune system and cause increased or
decreased susceptibility to disease
neurotransmitters
chemicals that facilitate communication from one nerve
cell (neuron) to another across a synapse, neuropeptides
, are one form of neurotransmitters that neurons use to
communicate via cell receptors
brain, behavior, and immunity
- too much stress can make you age faster
- physical activity can make you smarter
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
a human protein that promotes growth of neurons and
synapses in the brain
neuroplasticity
the ability of the brain to change neural connections and
reorganize neural pathways, this can occur at any age
cartesian dualism
the mind and body are two incompatible entities causing
one to be antagonistic to the other
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
a number of medical methods that work to rid a person of
disharmony and restore harmony and thus health and
healing
paradigm
a model or pattern that affects how a person views reality;
a paradigm shift is a conscious effort to see things in a
new way
chronic disease
human health condition or disease that has long-lasting
effects and for which there may not be a cure
epigenome
cellular changes that result due to influences other than
genes that occur while the DNA of the cell remains
unchanged
preventive medicine
