CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY;
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
PASS
1. Which of the following statements is correct?
1. Drugs showing a large VD can be efficiently
removed by dialysis of the plasma.
2. Stressful emotions can lead to a slowing of drug
absorption.
3. If the VD for a drug is small, most of the drug is in
the extraplasmic space.
4. Weak bases are absorbed efficiently across the
epithelial cells of the stomach.
2. Stressful emotions can lead to a slowing of drug
absorption.
2. Which of the following statements is correct? 1.
Coadministration of atropine which slows gastric
emptying speeds the absorption of a second drug. 2.
The addition of glucoronic acid to a drug occurs at the
same rate in adults and newborns. 3. Active transport
of drugs by special carrier molecules occurs if the
drugs are structurally related to endogenous
molecules, such as amino acids or sugars. 4. Passive
diffusion across lipid membranes requires some
degree of water solubility.
,3. Active transport of drugs by special carrier molecules
occurs if the drugs are structurally related to endogenous
molecules, such as amino acids or sugars
3. Which of the following is true for a drug whose
elimination from plasma shows first-order kinetics? 1.
The amount eliminated per unit of time is constant. 2.
The half-life of the drug is proportional to the drug
concentration in plasma. 3. A plot of drug
concentration versus time is a straight line. 4. The rate
of elimination is proportional to the plasma
concentration.
4. The rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma
concentration.
4. Which of the following statements is correct? 1. The
addition of glucoronic acid to a drug is an example of
a phase II reaction. 2. Drugs showing zero-order
kinetics of elimination are more common than those
showing first-order kinetics. 3. If the first-order
kinetics drugs elimination involves a rate-limiting
enzymic reaction operating at its maximal velocity
(Vm). 4. The addition of glucoronic acid to a drug
involves cytochrome P-450.
1. The addition of glucoronic acid to a drug is an example
of a phase II reaction.
5. A patient is treated with drug "A", which has a high
affinity to albumin and is administered in amounts that
do not exceed the binding capacity of albumin. The
second drug "B" is added to the treatment regimen.
The "B" drug also has high affinity for albumin, but is
administered in amounts, that are 100 times more than
the binding capacity of albumin. Which of the
,following occurs after administration of the drug "B"?
1. A decrease in the tissue concentration of drug "A".
2. An increase in the tissue concentrations of drug
"A". 3. A decrease in the volume of distribution of
drug "A". 4. A decrease in the half-life of drug 'B".
2. An increase in the tissue concentrations of drug "A"
6. Which of the following results in a doubling of the
steady-state concentration of a drug? 1. Doubling the
rate of infusion and doubling the concentration of the
infused drug. 2. Doubling the rate of infusion. 3.
Maintaining the rate of infusion, but doubling the
loading dose. 4. Tripling the rate of infusion.
2. Doubling the rate of infusion.
7. Drugs showing zero-order kinetics of elimination: 1.
Show a constant fraction of the drug eliminated per
unit time. 2 2. Show a plot of drug concentration
versus time that is linear 3. Decrease in concentration
exponentially with time. 4. Have a half-life independent
of dose.
2. Show a plot of drug concentration versus time that is
linear
8. A drug given as a 100 mg single dose, results I a
peak plasma concentration of 20 mcg/ml. The
apparent volume of distribution is (assume a rapid
distribution and negligible elimination prior to
measuring the peak plasma level): 1. 10L 2. 5L 3. 2L 4.
1L.
2. 5L
9. A drug with a half-life of 12 hours is administered by
continuous iv infusion. How long will it take the drug
, to reach ninety percent of its final steady-state level?
1. 90 hours 2. 40 hours 3. 30 hours 4. 24 hours.
2. 40 hours
10. The following statements describe
pharmacokinetic concepts: 1. Only the unionized drug
fraction may cross intact cell membranes. 2. Drug
metabolites invariably lack pharmacological effects. 3.
All drug metabolism takes place in the liver. 4. All
drugs must first be metabolized before they can be
excreted.
1. Only the unionized drug fraction may cross intact cell
membranes.
11. The following drugs undergo to zero-order kinetics
of elimination, except: 1. Phenytoin 2. Ethanol
(alcohol) 3. Aspirin 4. Atropine
4. Atropine
12. Choose the correct answer: 1. Drug metabolism
involves phase I reactions such as conjugation of a
polar group (sulfate, acetate and glucuronate) to the
drug molecule. 2. Phase II pathway involve oxidation,
hydrolysis and reduction. 3. The most important
members of CYP 450 family involving in drug
metabolism are: 1A2, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4. 4. The
addition of glucoronic acid to a drug is an example of
a phase I reaction.
3. The most important members of CYP 450 family
involving in drug metabolism are: 1A2, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4.
13. Choose the correct answer: 1. Weak bases are
predictably better absorbed from the stomach 2. Weak
acids might be expected to be absorbed from the
small bowel. 3. If given orally, the rate of absorption of
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
PASS
1. Which of the following statements is correct?
1. Drugs showing a large VD can be efficiently
removed by dialysis of the plasma.
2. Stressful emotions can lead to a slowing of drug
absorption.
3. If the VD for a drug is small, most of the drug is in
the extraplasmic space.
4. Weak bases are absorbed efficiently across the
epithelial cells of the stomach.
2. Stressful emotions can lead to a slowing of drug
absorption.
2. Which of the following statements is correct? 1.
Coadministration of atropine which slows gastric
emptying speeds the absorption of a second drug. 2.
The addition of glucoronic acid to a drug occurs at the
same rate in adults and newborns. 3. Active transport
of drugs by special carrier molecules occurs if the
drugs are structurally related to endogenous
molecules, such as amino acids or sugars. 4. Passive
diffusion across lipid membranes requires some
degree of water solubility.
,3. Active transport of drugs by special carrier molecules
occurs if the drugs are structurally related to endogenous
molecules, such as amino acids or sugars
3. Which of the following is true for a drug whose
elimination from plasma shows first-order kinetics? 1.
The amount eliminated per unit of time is constant. 2.
The half-life of the drug is proportional to the drug
concentration in plasma. 3. A plot of drug
concentration versus time is a straight line. 4. The rate
of elimination is proportional to the plasma
concentration.
4. The rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma
concentration.
4. Which of the following statements is correct? 1. The
addition of glucoronic acid to a drug is an example of
a phase II reaction. 2. Drugs showing zero-order
kinetics of elimination are more common than those
showing first-order kinetics. 3. If the first-order
kinetics drugs elimination involves a rate-limiting
enzymic reaction operating at its maximal velocity
(Vm). 4. The addition of glucoronic acid to a drug
involves cytochrome P-450.
1. The addition of glucoronic acid to a drug is an example
of a phase II reaction.
5. A patient is treated with drug "A", which has a high
affinity to albumin and is administered in amounts that
do not exceed the binding capacity of albumin. The
second drug "B" is added to the treatment regimen.
The "B" drug also has high affinity for albumin, but is
administered in amounts, that are 100 times more than
the binding capacity of albumin. Which of the
,following occurs after administration of the drug "B"?
1. A decrease in the tissue concentration of drug "A".
2. An increase in the tissue concentrations of drug
"A". 3. A decrease in the volume of distribution of
drug "A". 4. A decrease in the half-life of drug 'B".
2. An increase in the tissue concentrations of drug "A"
6. Which of the following results in a doubling of the
steady-state concentration of a drug? 1. Doubling the
rate of infusion and doubling the concentration of the
infused drug. 2. Doubling the rate of infusion. 3.
Maintaining the rate of infusion, but doubling the
loading dose. 4. Tripling the rate of infusion.
2. Doubling the rate of infusion.
7. Drugs showing zero-order kinetics of elimination: 1.
Show a constant fraction of the drug eliminated per
unit time. 2 2. Show a plot of drug concentration
versus time that is linear 3. Decrease in concentration
exponentially with time. 4. Have a half-life independent
of dose.
2. Show a plot of drug concentration versus time that is
linear
8. A drug given as a 100 mg single dose, results I a
peak plasma concentration of 20 mcg/ml. The
apparent volume of distribution is (assume a rapid
distribution and negligible elimination prior to
measuring the peak plasma level): 1. 10L 2. 5L 3. 2L 4.
1L.
2. 5L
9. A drug with a half-life of 12 hours is administered by
continuous iv infusion. How long will it take the drug
, to reach ninety percent of its final steady-state level?
1. 90 hours 2. 40 hours 3. 30 hours 4. 24 hours.
2. 40 hours
10. The following statements describe
pharmacokinetic concepts: 1. Only the unionized drug
fraction may cross intact cell membranes. 2. Drug
metabolites invariably lack pharmacological effects. 3.
All drug metabolism takes place in the liver. 4. All
drugs must first be metabolized before they can be
excreted.
1. Only the unionized drug fraction may cross intact cell
membranes.
11. The following drugs undergo to zero-order kinetics
of elimination, except: 1. Phenytoin 2. Ethanol
(alcohol) 3. Aspirin 4. Atropine
4. Atropine
12. Choose the correct answer: 1. Drug metabolism
involves phase I reactions such as conjugation of a
polar group (sulfate, acetate and glucuronate) to the
drug molecule. 2. Phase II pathway involve oxidation,
hydrolysis and reduction. 3. The most important
members of CYP 450 family involving in drug
metabolism are: 1A2, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4. 4. The
addition of glucoronic acid to a drug is an example of
a phase I reaction.
3. The most important members of CYP 450 family
involving in drug metabolism are: 1A2, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4.
13. Choose the correct answer: 1. Weak bases are
predictably better absorbed from the stomach 2. Weak
acids might be expected to be absorbed from the
small bowel. 3. If given orally, the rate of absorption of
