MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
A 62-year-old female patient has been hospitalized for 8 days
with acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by dehydration. Which
information will be most important for the nurse to report to
the health care provider?
a. The creatinine level is 3.0 mg/dL.
b. Urine output over an 8-hour period is 2500 mL.
c. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is 67 mg/dL.
d. The glomerular filtration rate is <30 mL/min/1.73m2 -
<<,Answers>>>B
A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) has longer QRS
intervals on the electrocardiogram (ECG) than were noted on
the previous shift. Which action should the nurse take first?
a. Notify the patient's health care provider.
b. Document the QRS interval measurement.
c. Check the medical record for most recent potassium level.
d. Check the chart for the patient's current creatinine level. -
<<,Answers>>>C
When a patient who takes metformin (Glucophage) to manage
type 2 diabetes develops an allergic rash from an unknown
cause, the health care provider prescribes prednisone
(Deltasone). The nurse will anticipate that the patient may
,MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
a. need a diet higher in calories while receiving prednisone.
b. develop acute hypoglycemia while taking the prednisone.
c. require administration of insulin while taking prednisone.
d. have rashes caused by metformin-prednisone interactions. -
<<,Answers>>>C
A patient is being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The nurse explains to the patient's adult children that
a. the most important risk factor for AD is a family history of
the disorder.
b. new drugs have been shown to reverse AD dramatically in
some patients.
c. a diagnosis of AD is made only after other causes of
dementia are ruled out.
d. the presence of brain atrophy detected by magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) will confirm the diagnosis of AD -
<<,Answers>>>C
A patient who has severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) is being
admitted to the hospital for surgery. Which intervention will
the nurse include in the plan of care?
a. Encourage the patient to discuss events from the past.
b. Maintain a consistent daily routine for the patient's care.
c. Reorient the patient to the date and time every 2 to 3 hours.
,MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
d. Provide the patient with current newspapers and magazines.
- <<,Answers>>>B
A 71-year-old patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) who is
being admitted to a long-term care facility has had several
episodes of wandering away from home. Which action will
the nurse include in the plan of care?
a. Reorient the patient several times daily.
b. Have the family bring in familiar items.
c. Place the patient in a room close to the nurses' station.
d. Ask the patient why the wandering episodes have occurred.
- <<,Answers>>>C
After change-of-shift report on the Alzheimer's
disease/dementia unit, which patient will the nurse assess
first?
a. Patient who has not had a bowel movement for 5 days
b. Patient who has a stage II pressure ulcer on the coccyx
c. Patient who is refusing to take the prescribed medications
d. Patient who developed a new cough after eating breakfast -
<<,Answers>>>D
, MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
The spouse of a 67-year-old male patient with early stage
Alzheimer's disease (AD) tells the nurse, "I am exhausted
from worrying all the time. I don't know what to do." Which
actions are best for the nurse to take next (select all that
apply)?
a. Suggest that a long-term care facility be considered.
b. Offer ideas for ways to distract or redirect the patient.
c. Teach the spouse about adult day care as a possible respite.
d. Suggest that the spouse consult with the physician for
antianxiety drugs.
e. Ask the spouse what she knows and has considered about
dementia care options. - <<,Answers>>>B, C, E
Which nursing actions could the nurse delegate to a licensed
practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) who is part of the team
caring for a patient with Alzheimer's disease (select all that
apply)?
a. Develop a plan to minimize difficult behavior.
b. Administer the prescribed memantine (Namenda).
c. Remove potential safety hazards from the patient's
environment.
d. Refer the patient and caregivers to appropriate community
resources.
ANSWERS.
A 62-year-old female patient has been hospitalized for 8 days
with acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by dehydration. Which
information will be most important for the nurse to report to
the health care provider?
a. The creatinine level is 3.0 mg/dL.
b. Urine output over an 8-hour period is 2500 mL.
c. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is 67 mg/dL.
d. The glomerular filtration rate is <30 mL/min/1.73m2 -
<<,Answers>>>B
A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) has longer QRS
intervals on the electrocardiogram (ECG) than were noted on
the previous shift. Which action should the nurse take first?
a. Notify the patient's health care provider.
b. Document the QRS interval measurement.
c. Check the medical record for most recent potassium level.
d. Check the chart for the patient's current creatinine level. -
<<,Answers>>>C
When a patient who takes metformin (Glucophage) to manage
type 2 diabetes develops an allergic rash from an unknown
cause, the health care provider prescribes prednisone
(Deltasone). The nurse will anticipate that the patient may
,MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
a. need a diet higher in calories while receiving prednisone.
b. develop acute hypoglycemia while taking the prednisone.
c. require administration of insulin while taking prednisone.
d. have rashes caused by metformin-prednisone interactions. -
<<,Answers>>>C
A patient is being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
The nurse explains to the patient's adult children that
a. the most important risk factor for AD is a family history of
the disorder.
b. new drugs have been shown to reverse AD dramatically in
some patients.
c. a diagnosis of AD is made only after other causes of
dementia are ruled out.
d. the presence of brain atrophy detected by magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) will confirm the diagnosis of AD -
<<,Answers>>>C
A patient who has severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) is being
admitted to the hospital for surgery. Which intervention will
the nurse include in the plan of care?
a. Encourage the patient to discuss events from the past.
b. Maintain a consistent daily routine for the patient's care.
c. Reorient the patient to the date and time every 2 to 3 hours.
,MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
d. Provide the patient with current newspapers and magazines.
- <<,Answers>>>B
A 71-year-old patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) who is
being admitted to a long-term care facility has had several
episodes of wandering away from home. Which action will
the nurse include in the plan of care?
a. Reorient the patient several times daily.
b. Have the family bring in familiar items.
c. Place the patient in a room close to the nurses' station.
d. Ask the patient why the wandering episodes have occurred.
- <<,Answers>>>C
After change-of-shift report on the Alzheimer's
disease/dementia unit, which patient will the nurse assess
first?
a. Patient who has not had a bowel movement for 5 days
b. Patient who has a stage II pressure ulcer on the coccyx
c. Patient who is refusing to take the prescribed medications
d. Patient who developed a new cough after eating breakfast -
<<,Answers>>>D
, MED SURG EXAM 4(2024-2025) WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS.
The spouse of a 67-year-old male patient with early stage
Alzheimer's disease (AD) tells the nurse, "I am exhausted
from worrying all the time. I don't know what to do." Which
actions are best for the nurse to take next (select all that
apply)?
a. Suggest that a long-term care facility be considered.
b. Offer ideas for ways to distract or redirect the patient.
c. Teach the spouse about adult day care as a possible respite.
d. Suggest that the spouse consult with the physician for
antianxiety drugs.
e. Ask the spouse what she knows and has considered about
dementia care options. - <<,Answers>>>B, C, E
Which nursing actions could the nurse delegate to a licensed
practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) who is part of the team
caring for a patient with Alzheimer's disease (select all that
apply)?
a. Develop a plan to minimize difficult behavior.
b. Administer the prescribed memantine (Namenda).
c. Remove potential safety hazards from the patient's
environment.
d. Refer the patient and caregivers to appropriate community
resources.
