NUR 2090 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
GOALS OF IV THERAPY
maintenance, replacement, homeostasis
Risks of IV therapy
bleeding, bv damage, infiltration, phlebitis, air embolism, infection, fluid overload
fluid function
helps regulate body temp, transport nutrients and gases around the body, carry cellular
waste products to excretion sites
intracellular fluid
inside the cell
extracellular fluid
outside the cells, in interstitial spaces
Major Intracellular electrolytes
potassium, phosphorus
Major Extracellular electrolytes
sodium, chloride
Crystalloids (clear fluids)
isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
crystalloids have three categories
isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
, colloids (protein and starches)
blood products, parenteral nutrition, albumin, lipids
isotonic fluids
osmolarity equal to that of serum.
purpose of isotonic fluids
used to treat intravascular volume - treat hypotension due to not enough fluid volume
isotonic fluid examples
lactated ringers, normal saline, d5w
Isotonic considerations
monitor for signs of fluid overload especially if patient has a hx of cvd
hypotonic fluids
have an osmolarity lower than serum.
What do hypotonic fluids do?
pulls fluid out of vessels and into cells, floods cells
Will the cell shrink or swell in hypotonic solution?
Swell - think of the cell being round like an "o"
What can hypotonic fluids treat?
cellular dehydration, DKA(diabetic ketoacidosis)
Examples of hypotonic fluids
1/2 NS, 0.33 NS, D2.5%
What to consider with hypotonic solutions?
they can suddenly shift fluid into cells - leading to IV fluid depletion and cardiovascular
collapse.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
GOALS OF IV THERAPY
maintenance, replacement, homeostasis
Risks of IV therapy
bleeding, bv damage, infiltration, phlebitis, air embolism, infection, fluid overload
fluid function
helps regulate body temp, transport nutrients and gases around the body, carry cellular
waste products to excretion sites
intracellular fluid
inside the cell
extracellular fluid
outside the cells, in interstitial spaces
Major Intracellular electrolytes
potassium, phosphorus
Major Extracellular electrolytes
sodium, chloride
Crystalloids (clear fluids)
isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
crystalloids have three categories
isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
, colloids (protein and starches)
blood products, parenteral nutrition, albumin, lipids
isotonic fluids
osmolarity equal to that of serum.
purpose of isotonic fluids
used to treat intravascular volume - treat hypotension due to not enough fluid volume
isotonic fluid examples
lactated ringers, normal saline, d5w
Isotonic considerations
monitor for signs of fluid overload especially if patient has a hx of cvd
hypotonic fluids
have an osmolarity lower than serum.
What do hypotonic fluids do?
pulls fluid out of vessels and into cells, floods cells
Will the cell shrink or swell in hypotonic solution?
Swell - think of the cell being round like an "o"
What can hypotonic fluids treat?
cellular dehydration, DKA(diabetic ketoacidosis)
Examples of hypotonic fluids
1/2 NS, 0.33 NS, D2.5%
What to consider with hypotonic solutions?
they can suddenly shift fluid into cells - leading to IV fluid depletion and cardiovascular
collapse.
