ACS General Chemistry 2 Final Exam Study Guide |
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Accuracy? - ANSWER Closeness of measurements to the TRUE VALUE of what is
being measured
Precision? - ANSWER Closeness of a SET of measurements
How do you calculate Percent Error? - ANSWER I experimental-accepted I
____________________ x 100
accepted value
Are zeros infront of non-zero digis significant? - ANSWER Nope!
ex: 0.0071 is only 2 sig figs
Are zeros at the end of a number and to the right of the decimal significant? -
ANSWER Yep!
ex: 9.100 is 4 sig figs
Addition/Subtraction in regards to sig figs? - ANSWER Round numbers to the least
number of decimal places
Multiplaction/Division in regards to sig figs? - ANSWER Round answers to the least
amount of sig figs
# of e- equal - ANSWER the # of p+
Atomic Mass? - ANSWER Number of protons in the nucleus (number on the left
bottom corner of the chemical symbol)
Atomic Mass Number? - ANSWER Number of protons and neutrons (number on
the left upper corner of the chemical symbol)
Isotope? - ANSWER Atoms of the same element, but with different masses
(different number of neutrons)
STUDY ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS - ANSWER STUDY ELECTRON
CONFIGURATIONS
Do columns or rows in the Periodic Table have similar patterns? - ANSWER
Columns (the "groups") have repeating patterns?
Which area of the Periodic Table has greater metallicness? - ANSWER Left and
down has greater metallicness
Which area of the PT has greater atomic size? - ANSWER Left and down has a
greater atomic size
, Which area of the PT has greater ionization energy? - ANSWER Right side and up
has greater ionization energy
Which area of the PT has greater electronegativity? - ANSWER Right side and up
has greater electronegativiy, except the Noble Gases of 0 electronegativy
Ionic Bonding? - ANSWER Metal and a nonmetal. Give/take electrons
Covalent bonding? - ANSWER Nonmetal and a nonmetal. Share electrons.
VSEPR Theory? - ANSWER Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion
aka Valence e- pairs stay as far apart as possible
How do you determine polarity? - ANSWER Use the chart that has electronegativity
values, then subtract the elements in the compound from each other.
Is water polar? - ANSWER Yes!
Combination Reaction? - ANSWER A + B --> AB
Decomposition Reaction? - ANSWER AB --> A + B
Single Replacement Reaction? - ANSWER AB + C --> AC + B
Double Replacement Reaction? - ANSWER AB + CD --> AD + CB
Combustion Reaction? - ANSWER C + H + O --> H2O + CO2 always
Avogadro's Number? - ANSWER 6.022 x 10^23 particles = 1 mole
Molar Mass? - ANSWER gram/mole
Mole to Volume? - ANSWER 1 mole = 22.4 L
Empirical Formula vs Molecular Formula? - ANSWER Molecular = the actual
number of atoms in a compound
Empirical = basic ratio, smallest whole numbers of atoms in a compound
Percent Composition? - ANSWER Mass element/mass compound x 100
Limiting Reactant? - ANSWER The reactant which runs out first...meaning it limits
how much product can be made
ex: If there's 1 mole of NaOH and 2 moles of HCl, NaOH is the limiting reactant,
because it is used up (only 1 mole)
Which state of matter has the greatest Kinetic Energy? - ANSWER Gas has the
greatest KE, because the particles are far apart and moving fast
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Accuracy? - ANSWER Closeness of measurements to the TRUE VALUE of what is
being measured
Precision? - ANSWER Closeness of a SET of measurements
How do you calculate Percent Error? - ANSWER I experimental-accepted I
____________________ x 100
accepted value
Are zeros infront of non-zero digis significant? - ANSWER Nope!
ex: 0.0071 is only 2 sig figs
Are zeros at the end of a number and to the right of the decimal significant? -
ANSWER Yep!
ex: 9.100 is 4 sig figs
Addition/Subtraction in regards to sig figs? - ANSWER Round numbers to the least
number of decimal places
Multiplaction/Division in regards to sig figs? - ANSWER Round answers to the least
amount of sig figs
# of e- equal - ANSWER the # of p+
Atomic Mass? - ANSWER Number of protons in the nucleus (number on the left
bottom corner of the chemical symbol)
Atomic Mass Number? - ANSWER Number of protons and neutrons (number on
the left upper corner of the chemical symbol)
Isotope? - ANSWER Atoms of the same element, but with different masses
(different number of neutrons)
STUDY ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS - ANSWER STUDY ELECTRON
CONFIGURATIONS
Do columns or rows in the Periodic Table have similar patterns? - ANSWER
Columns (the "groups") have repeating patterns?
Which area of the Periodic Table has greater metallicness? - ANSWER Left and
down has greater metallicness
Which area of the PT has greater atomic size? - ANSWER Left and down has a
greater atomic size
, Which area of the PT has greater ionization energy? - ANSWER Right side and up
has greater ionization energy
Which area of the PT has greater electronegativity? - ANSWER Right side and up
has greater electronegativiy, except the Noble Gases of 0 electronegativy
Ionic Bonding? - ANSWER Metal and a nonmetal. Give/take electrons
Covalent bonding? - ANSWER Nonmetal and a nonmetal. Share electrons.
VSEPR Theory? - ANSWER Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion
aka Valence e- pairs stay as far apart as possible
How do you determine polarity? - ANSWER Use the chart that has electronegativity
values, then subtract the elements in the compound from each other.
Is water polar? - ANSWER Yes!
Combination Reaction? - ANSWER A + B --> AB
Decomposition Reaction? - ANSWER AB --> A + B
Single Replacement Reaction? - ANSWER AB + C --> AC + B
Double Replacement Reaction? - ANSWER AB + CD --> AD + CB
Combustion Reaction? - ANSWER C + H + O --> H2O + CO2 always
Avogadro's Number? - ANSWER 6.022 x 10^23 particles = 1 mole
Molar Mass? - ANSWER gram/mole
Mole to Volume? - ANSWER 1 mole = 22.4 L
Empirical Formula vs Molecular Formula? - ANSWER Molecular = the actual
number of atoms in a compound
Empirical = basic ratio, smallest whole numbers of atoms in a compound
Percent Composition? - ANSWER Mass element/mass compound x 100
Limiting Reactant? - ANSWER The reactant which runs out first...meaning it limits
how much product can be made
ex: If there's 1 mole of NaOH and 2 moles of HCl, NaOH is the limiting reactant,
because it is used up (only 1 mole)
Which state of matter has the greatest Kinetic Energy? - ANSWER Gas has the
greatest KE, because the particles are far apart and moving fast
