PALS Final Review/ 98 Questions with
Definitive Solutions
Mikey, a 2-year-old boy, is sitting upright on a hospital bed in room 3 of your emergency
department. Your initial impression from the door does not raise immediate concern. On your
entry to the room, you are able to look at Mikey more closely and notice on inhalation his
nostrils are flaring. This is a sign of: - Answer: Respiratory distress
The proper site for a peripheral pulse assessment in the infant patient is: - Answer: brachial
You are called to the scene of a 3-year-old patient who was found anxious, *cyanotic* and
lethargic after a fall down a flight of stairs. On assessing the patient, you find vital signs with a
respiratory rate of 30, regular pulse rate of 130, regular capillary refill time of 4 seconds, and a
blood pressure of 102/61. What kind of shock is the patient experiencing? - Answer:
compensate shock?
A mnemonic that aids in performing a primary assessment is: - Answer: ABCDE
Page 1 of 15
, A consideration of treatment for a pediatric patient with acute fulminant myocarditis who is in
cardiac arrest or at a high risk of cardiac arrest is: - Answer: Extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO)
Which of the following is the correct meaning for one of the individual letters in the AVPU
scale? - Answer: Alert - The child is alert and awake and responds to normal stimuli based upon
age and environment
The recommended route of vascular access on a hypotensive pediatric patient is: - Answer:
central IV
You are called to the bedside of a 12-year-old male patient who was admitted after a week of
persistent vomiting, diarrhea and limiting oral intake of both solids and liquids. The patient's
airway is patent, ventilatory rate is within normal limits and the patient's circulatory status
presents with tachycardia, a blood pressure of 70/40 and a capillary refill time of 5 seconds. The
patient is speaking incoherently. The patient has no history of cardiac problems or congenital
defects. The appropriate fluid administration dose for this patient is: - Answer: 20 ml/kg 0.9%
NaCl over 10 minutes
You suspect your 8-year-old female patient of being hypovolemic. Her parents brought her to
the emergency department with persistent vomiting and diarrhea for 5 days. The patient
presents with *mottled skin* and reports of periods where "she just stopped breathing!"
according to her parents. The patient is being managed with a BVM and supplemental oxygen.
What is the best route of establishing vascular access for the purpose of fluid resuscitation? -
Answer: IV
Which of the following cannot be administered through an ETT? - Answer: Sodium bicarbonate
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Definitive Solutions
Mikey, a 2-year-old boy, is sitting upright on a hospital bed in room 3 of your emergency
department. Your initial impression from the door does not raise immediate concern. On your
entry to the room, you are able to look at Mikey more closely and notice on inhalation his
nostrils are flaring. This is a sign of: - Answer: Respiratory distress
The proper site for a peripheral pulse assessment in the infant patient is: - Answer: brachial
You are called to the scene of a 3-year-old patient who was found anxious, *cyanotic* and
lethargic after a fall down a flight of stairs. On assessing the patient, you find vital signs with a
respiratory rate of 30, regular pulse rate of 130, regular capillary refill time of 4 seconds, and a
blood pressure of 102/61. What kind of shock is the patient experiencing? - Answer:
compensate shock?
A mnemonic that aids in performing a primary assessment is: - Answer: ABCDE
Page 1 of 15
, A consideration of treatment for a pediatric patient with acute fulminant myocarditis who is in
cardiac arrest or at a high risk of cardiac arrest is: - Answer: Extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO)
Which of the following is the correct meaning for one of the individual letters in the AVPU
scale? - Answer: Alert - The child is alert and awake and responds to normal stimuli based upon
age and environment
The recommended route of vascular access on a hypotensive pediatric patient is: - Answer:
central IV
You are called to the bedside of a 12-year-old male patient who was admitted after a week of
persistent vomiting, diarrhea and limiting oral intake of both solids and liquids. The patient's
airway is patent, ventilatory rate is within normal limits and the patient's circulatory status
presents with tachycardia, a blood pressure of 70/40 and a capillary refill time of 5 seconds. The
patient is speaking incoherently. The patient has no history of cardiac problems or congenital
defects. The appropriate fluid administration dose for this patient is: - Answer: 20 ml/kg 0.9%
NaCl over 10 minutes
You suspect your 8-year-old female patient of being hypovolemic. Her parents brought her to
the emergency department with persistent vomiting and diarrhea for 5 days. The patient
presents with *mottled skin* and reports of periods where "she just stopped breathing!"
according to her parents. The patient is being managed with a BVM and supplemental oxygen.
What is the best route of establishing vascular access for the purpose of fluid resuscitation? -
Answer: IV
Which of the following cannot be administered through an ETT? - Answer: Sodium bicarbonate
Page 2 of 15
