2024/2025
What is a Health Care System? - (answer)An organization of people, institutions, and resources
to deliver health-related services to the needs of a targeted population
What are the 4 structures of Healthcare? - (answer)Single-player, universal coverage-multiplayer,
non-universal coverage-multiplayer, out of pocket
Single-player - (answer)national gov't provides universal health care
universal coverage-multiplayer - (answer)employers provide health insurance, services provided
by private entities, gov't controls prices so insurers are non profit-produces
non-universal coverage - multiplayer - (answer)gov't provides insurance for most citizens and
services are provided by private entities
Out of pocket - (answer)individuals may or may not have insurance and have to pay for services
themselves
6 Building blocks of a health care system - (answer)Facilites, workforce, medical products,
leadership/governance, financing, info systems
building block of facilites - (answer)services are delivered effective, safe, quality personal ,and
non-personal health interventions to those who need, when and where they are needed, with
minimum waste of resources
building block of workfoce - (answer)well preforming health workforce works responsive, fair,
efficient to achieve best healthcare outcomes, given available resources and circumstances.
(sufficient staff, fairly distributed, competent, responsive, productive)
,building block of medical products - (answer)well function systems- equitable access to essential
medical products, vaccines, technology; assures quality, safety, efficacy, cost-effective, and
scientifically sound
building block of leadership/goverance - (answer)ensuring strategic policy frameworks exist,
combined with effective oversight, coalition-building, regulation, attention to system-design and
accountability
building block of financing - (answer)good health financing- adequate funds for health needed
services, protect from financial catastrophe, impoverishment associated with pay, provides
incentives, and users to be efficient
building block of information systems - (answer)well functioning health information systems -
ensure production, analysis, dissemination, use of reliable and timely information on health
determinants, health system performance, and health status.
What are health care facilities - (answer)hospital-owned physicians practices, ambulatory clinics
(part of hospital), or gov't-owned federally qualified health centers (FQHC), and community
health centers
examples of health care practitioners/ technical occupations - (answer)physicians, nurses,
therapist, techinicians
examples of health care support occupations - (answer)aides/assistants to nurses, physical
therapist, occupational therapist
examples of medical products - (answer)equipment/pharmaceuticals (prescribed drugs, gauze,
sterile needles, lab chemicals, furniture)
is there a ministry of health in the US - (answer)No
What are the 3 role levels of the gov't - (answer)federal, state, local
, what is the role of gov't - (answer)leadership directly/indirectly (health service deliveries,
supplies, payers has opportunity to drive market shifts through operation of own health service
delivery and payer programs)
how is the gov't closely involved in leadership/goverance - (answer)virtually all health services
delivered by being conduit for almost health of the money paid for health services by
collecting/disseminating health, health service information, by educating/training personnel,
providing financial support for many private health education institutions, and being the largest
player in biomedical research arena
what is the principle agency of the federal gov't - (answer)U.S. Dept of Health and Human
Services - cabinet level
What is DHHS responsible for? - (answer)Federal SS program, federal role in state-run pub lic
assistance programs, and main federal programs in biomedical research, regulation, financing,
and public health
State level role - (answer)major health agency part
federal level role - (answer)some states have combination agency of social welfare adn other
functions
local level role - (answer)counties, cities, occasional special health-service districts. have a great
deal of autonomy
examples of non-health care gov't agencies - (answer)Dept of labor - OSHA, Dept of Agriculture
- national nutrition standards
Ex of Non-Gov't Voluntary agencies - (answer)AHA, Red Cross, Robert Wood Johnson
Foundation
Functions of Non-Gov't organization - (answer)provides services not rendered by other
healthcare agencies, pursues certain research/service objectives with special vigor/dedication,