NUR123 - Exam I NCLEX practice
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is receiving short-acting insulin to maintain control of blood
glucose levels. In providing glucometer instructions, the nurse would instruct the client to use which site
for most accurate findings?
Finger
Thigh
Forearm
Upper arm - ANS 1
A nurse is teaching a client recovering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) about management of "sick
days." The client asks the nurse why it is important to monitor the urine for ketones. Which statement is
the nurse's best response?
"When the body does not have enough insulin, hyperglycemia occurs. Excess glucose is broken down by
the liver, causing acidic by-products to be released."
,"Excess glucose in the blood is metabolized by the liver and turned into ketones, which are an acid."
"Ketones are formed when insufficient insulin leads to cellular starvation. As cells rupture, they release
these acids into the blood."
"Ketones accumulate in the blood and urine when fat breaks down in the absence of insulin. Ketones
signal an insulin deficiency that will cause the body to start breaking down stored fat for energy." - ANS
4
A 16-year-old client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has a very low body weight despite eating
regular meals. The client is upset because friends frequently state, "You look anorexic." Which
statement by the nurse would be the best response to help this client understand the cause of weight
loss due to this condition?
"I will refer you to a dietician who can help you with your weight."
"Don't worry about what your friends think; the carbohydrates you eat are being quickly digested,
increasing your metabolism."
"Your body is using protein and fat for energy instead of glucose."
"You may be having undiagnosed infections, causing you to lose extra weight." - ANS 3
,A patient who is 6 months' pregnant was evaluated for gestational diabetes mellitus. The doctor
considered prescribing insulin based on the serum glucose result of:
120 mg/dL, 1 hour postprandial.
90 mg/dL before meals.
80 mg/dL, 1 hour postprandial.
138 mg/dL, 2 hours postprandial. - ANS 4
A client is receiving insulin lispro at 7:30 AM. The nurse ensures that the client has breakfast by which
time?
8:00 AM
8:30 AM
, 8:15 AM
7:45 AM - ANS 4
The nurse is administering lispro (Humalog) insulin. Based on the onset of action, how soon should the
nurse administer the injection prior to breakfast?
30 to 40 minutes
1 to 2 hours
10 to 15 minutes
3 hours - ANS 3
Which type of insulin acts most quickly?
Lispro
NPH
Glargine
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is receiving short-acting insulin to maintain control of blood
glucose levels. In providing glucometer instructions, the nurse would instruct the client to use which site
for most accurate findings?
Finger
Thigh
Forearm
Upper arm - ANS 1
A nurse is teaching a client recovering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) about management of "sick
days." The client asks the nurse why it is important to monitor the urine for ketones. Which statement is
the nurse's best response?
"When the body does not have enough insulin, hyperglycemia occurs. Excess glucose is broken down by
the liver, causing acidic by-products to be released."
,"Excess glucose in the blood is metabolized by the liver and turned into ketones, which are an acid."
"Ketones are formed when insufficient insulin leads to cellular starvation. As cells rupture, they release
these acids into the blood."
"Ketones accumulate in the blood and urine when fat breaks down in the absence of insulin. Ketones
signal an insulin deficiency that will cause the body to start breaking down stored fat for energy." - ANS
4
A 16-year-old client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has a very low body weight despite eating
regular meals. The client is upset because friends frequently state, "You look anorexic." Which
statement by the nurse would be the best response to help this client understand the cause of weight
loss due to this condition?
"I will refer you to a dietician who can help you with your weight."
"Don't worry about what your friends think; the carbohydrates you eat are being quickly digested,
increasing your metabolism."
"Your body is using protein and fat for energy instead of glucose."
"You may be having undiagnosed infections, causing you to lose extra weight." - ANS 3
,A patient who is 6 months' pregnant was evaluated for gestational diabetes mellitus. The doctor
considered prescribing insulin based on the serum glucose result of:
120 mg/dL, 1 hour postprandial.
90 mg/dL before meals.
80 mg/dL, 1 hour postprandial.
138 mg/dL, 2 hours postprandial. - ANS 4
A client is receiving insulin lispro at 7:30 AM. The nurse ensures that the client has breakfast by which
time?
8:00 AM
8:30 AM
, 8:15 AM
7:45 AM - ANS 4
The nurse is administering lispro (Humalog) insulin. Based on the onset of action, how soon should the
nurse administer the injection prior to breakfast?
30 to 40 minutes
1 to 2 hours
10 to 15 minutes
3 hours - ANS 3
Which type of insulin acts most quickly?
Lispro
NPH
Glargine
