Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
1. Who are credited with the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA?
○ a) Hershey and Chase
○ b) Watson and Crick
○ c) Franklin and Wilkins
○ d) Meselson and Stahl
2. The monomers of DNA are:
○ a) Amino acids
○ b) Nucleotides
○ c) Monosaccharides
○ d) Fatty acids
3. Which of the following bases are purines?
○ a) Adenine and thymine
○ b) Guanine and cytosine
○ c) Adenine and guanine
○ d) Thymine and cytosine
4. The backbone of a DNA molecule is composed of:
○ a) Nitrogenous bases
○ b) Sugars and phosphates
○ c) Amino acids and phosphates
○ d) Sugars and bases
5. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?
○ a) DNA polymerase
○ b) RNA polymerase
○ c) DNA helicase
○ d) Ligase
6. During DNA replication, the new DNA strand is synthesized in which direction?
○ a) 3' to 5'
○ b) 5' to 3'
○ c) 2' to 4'
○ d) 4' to 2'
7. What is the role of DNA ligase in DNA replication?
○ a) Unwinding the DNA double helix
○ b) Synthesizing new DNA strands
○ c) Sealing nicks in the DNA backbone
○ d) Proofreading newly synthesized DNA
8. Which type of bond holds the two strands of a DNA molecule together?
○ a) Ionic bonds
○ b) Covalent bonds
○ c) Hydrogen bonds
○ d) Peptide bonds
9. In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with:
○ a) Thymine
○ b) Cytosine
○ c) Guanine
○ d) Uracil
, 10. The replication of DNA is described as:
○ a) Conservative
○ b) Semi-conservative
○ c) Dispersive
○ d) Liberal
11. Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to a growing DNA strand?
○ a) DNA helicase
○ b) DNA polymerase
○ c) Primase
○ d) Topoisomerase
12. What is the function of primase during DNA replication?
○ a) Adding nucleotides to the growing strand
○ b) Unwinding the DNA helix
○ c) Synthesizing RNA primers
○ d) Sealing gaps in the DNA backbone
13. Which scientist(s) used isotopes of nitrogen to demonstrate the
semi-conservative model of DNA replication?
○ a) Hershey and Chase
○ b) Watson and Crick
○ c) Meselson and Stahl
○ d) Franklin and Wilkins
14. The lagging strand in DNA replication is synthesized:
○ a) Continuously
○ b) Discontinuously
○ c) In the 3' to 5' direction
○ d) Without RNA primers
15. Okazaki fragments are associated with:
○ a) Leading strand synthesis
○ b) Lagging strand synthesis
○ c) RNA transcription
○ d) Protein translation
16. Which protein helps to prevent the DNA helix from re-annealing during
replication?
○ a) Helicase
○ b) Single-strand binding protein
○ c) DNA polymerase
○ d) Ligase
17. Which enzyme is responsible for proofreading newly synthesized DNA?
○ a) DNA ligase
○ b) DNA helicase
○ c) DNA polymerase
○ d) Primase
18. The enzyme telomerase is important for:
○ a) Repairing DNA damage
○ b) Preventing the shortening of telomeres
○ c) Synthesizing RNA primers
○ d) Proofreading DNA
1. Who are credited with the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA?
○ a) Hershey and Chase
○ b) Watson and Crick
○ c) Franklin and Wilkins
○ d) Meselson and Stahl
2. The monomers of DNA are:
○ a) Amino acids
○ b) Nucleotides
○ c) Monosaccharides
○ d) Fatty acids
3. Which of the following bases are purines?
○ a) Adenine and thymine
○ b) Guanine and cytosine
○ c) Adenine and guanine
○ d) Thymine and cytosine
4. The backbone of a DNA molecule is composed of:
○ a) Nitrogenous bases
○ b) Sugars and phosphates
○ c) Amino acids and phosphates
○ d) Sugars and bases
5. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?
○ a) DNA polymerase
○ b) RNA polymerase
○ c) DNA helicase
○ d) Ligase
6. During DNA replication, the new DNA strand is synthesized in which direction?
○ a) 3' to 5'
○ b) 5' to 3'
○ c) 2' to 4'
○ d) 4' to 2'
7. What is the role of DNA ligase in DNA replication?
○ a) Unwinding the DNA double helix
○ b) Synthesizing new DNA strands
○ c) Sealing nicks in the DNA backbone
○ d) Proofreading newly synthesized DNA
8. Which type of bond holds the two strands of a DNA molecule together?
○ a) Ionic bonds
○ b) Covalent bonds
○ c) Hydrogen bonds
○ d) Peptide bonds
9. In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with:
○ a) Thymine
○ b) Cytosine
○ c) Guanine
○ d) Uracil
, 10. The replication of DNA is described as:
○ a) Conservative
○ b) Semi-conservative
○ c) Dispersive
○ d) Liberal
11. Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to a growing DNA strand?
○ a) DNA helicase
○ b) DNA polymerase
○ c) Primase
○ d) Topoisomerase
12. What is the function of primase during DNA replication?
○ a) Adding nucleotides to the growing strand
○ b) Unwinding the DNA helix
○ c) Synthesizing RNA primers
○ d) Sealing gaps in the DNA backbone
13. Which scientist(s) used isotopes of nitrogen to demonstrate the
semi-conservative model of DNA replication?
○ a) Hershey and Chase
○ b) Watson and Crick
○ c) Meselson and Stahl
○ d) Franklin and Wilkins
14. The lagging strand in DNA replication is synthesized:
○ a) Continuously
○ b) Discontinuously
○ c) In the 3' to 5' direction
○ d) Without RNA primers
15. Okazaki fragments are associated with:
○ a) Leading strand synthesis
○ b) Lagging strand synthesis
○ c) RNA transcription
○ d) Protein translation
16. Which protein helps to prevent the DNA helix from re-annealing during
replication?
○ a) Helicase
○ b) Single-strand binding protein
○ c) DNA polymerase
○ d) Ligase
17. Which enzyme is responsible for proofreading newly synthesized DNA?
○ a) DNA ligase
○ b) DNA helicase
○ c) DNA polymerase
○ d) Primase
18. The enzyme telomerase is important for:
○ a) Repairing DNA damage
○ b) Preventing the shortening of telomeres
○ c) Synthesizing RNA primers
○ d) Proofreading DNA
