NAS 2 CHALLENGE EXAM
(QUESTIONS AND THEIR EXPECTED
ANSWERS)
Which best describes cytoplasm?
Fluid inside cell
The cell membrane is also called
plasma membrane
Phospholipids consist of
-Polar, hydrophilic heads
-Nonpolar hydrophobic tails
Two main types of membrane proteins based on
structure
-Integral
-Peripheral
About cytoplasm
-Chemical reactions happen within it
-Made up of organelles, cytosol,cytoskeleton, and
chemicals
-Contains protein, sugar molecules, and ions
What are ribosomes?
Cellular structures responsible for making proteins
What chemical reaction occurs within the
mitochondria?
Cellular respiration
Which organelle breaks down small toxins?
Peroxisomes
, Functions of smooth and rough endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)?
-Detoxifies drugs and poisons
-Houses ribosomes for production of proteins
-synthesize lipids
-Send vesicles to the Golgi body
What are the three major elements of the
cytoskeleton?
-Intermediate filaments
-Microtubules
-Microfilaments
Which membrane protein is most likely used when
substances attach to the outside of the cell
membrane?
receptor
Diffusion- Membrane Transport
Type of passive transport that doesn't require energy or
proteins
Transcytosis- Membrane Transport
Importing, then exporting the same substance into and out
of the cell
Osmosis- Membrane Transport
Type of positive transport that moves water specifically
Primary Active Transport
Moving a substance from an area of lower to higher
concentration using ATP
Exocytosis- Membrane Transport
Exporting large molecules from the cell
Phagocytosis- Membrane Transport
Engulfing large molecules/cells into the cell for breakdown
Facilitated Diffusion
(QUESTIONS AND THEIR EXPECTED
ANSWERS)
Which best describes cytoplasm?
Fluid inside cell
The cell membrane is also called
plasma membrane
Phospholipids consist of
-Polar, hydrophilic heads
-Nonpolar hydrophobic tails
Two main types of membrane proteins based on
structure
-Integral
-Peripheral
About cytoplasm
-Chemical reactions happen within it
-Made up of organelles, cytosol,cytoskeleton, and
chemicals
-Contains protein, sugar molecules, and ions
What are ribosomes?
Cellular structures responsible for making proteins
What chemical reaction occurs within the
mitochondria?
Cellular respiration
Which organelle breaks down small toxins?
Peroxisomes
, Functions of smooth and rough endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)?
-Detoxifies drugs and poisons
-Houses ribosomes for production of proteins
-synthesize lipids
-Send vesicles to the Golgi body
What are the three major elements of the
cytoskeleton?
-Intermediate filaments
-Microtubules
-Microfilaments
Which membrane protein is most likely used when
substances attach to the outside of the cell
membrane?
receptor
Diffusion- Membrane Transport
Type of passive transport that doesn't require energy or
proteins
Transcytosis- Membrane Transport
Importing, then exporting the same substance into and out
of the cell
Osmosis- Membrane Transport
Type of positive transport that moves water specifically
Primary Active Transport
Moving a substance from an area of lower to higher
concentration using ATP
Exocytosis- Membrane Transport
Exporting large molecules from the cell
Phagocytosis- Membrane Transport
Engulfing large molecules/cells into the cell for breakdown
Facilitated Diffusion
