NAS2 FINAL EXAM (QUESTIONS
AND THEIR COMPLETE SOLUTION)
Energy required for bodily functions
ATP
Respiration that requires oxygen
aerobic
Respiration that does not use oxygen
anaerobic
What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
What are the steps of aerobic respiration?
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
Glucose catabolism includes which steps of cellular
respiration?
glycolysis, citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation includes which step(s) of
cellular respiration?
electron transport chain
small molecules being built into larger molecules
using energy
anabolic
large molecules being broken down into small
molecules by releasing energy
catabolic
inhibitor that bonds to enzyme that changes shape of
activation site
allosteric inhibition
,activator that changes an enzyme to allow a reaction
allosteric activator
where does glycolysis occur
cytoplasm
where does the citric acid cycle occur
mitochondria
where does electron transport chain occur
mitochondria
what is the substrate for glycolysis
glucose
what are the products for glycolysis
2 atp, 2 pyruvate, NADH
what is the substrate for the citric acid cycle
pyruvate
what is the product for the citric acid cycle
2 atp, NADH, FADH2, CO2
what is the substrate for electron transport chain
NADH, FADH2, O2
what is the product for electron transport chain
32-34 atp, H2O
what happens if cellular respiration skips the citric
acid cycle
fermentation
if cellular respiration skips citric acid, then it is
anaerobic
Cell division where daughter cells end up diploid
mitosis
Cell division where daughter cells end up haploid
meiosis
Cell division where daughter cells are genetically
different
, meiosis
How many sperm are produced vs ovum?
4 sperm, 1 ovum
Site of chromosome crossing over
chiasma
Name the difference in mitosis vs meiosis stages
meiosis goes through two rounds of cell division
Process where genes are rearranged to provide new
gene combinations
recombination (crossing-over)
failing of chromosomes or sister chromatids to
separate during meiosis
nondisjunction
type of reproduction where cells from two parents
unite to form first cell of new organism
sexual reproduction
cell containing one set of chromosomes
haploid
cell containing two sets of chromosomes
diploid
two chromosomes that are the same size, shape and
centromere position
homologous chromosomes
attached at a centromere and genetically identical
sister chromatids
where chromatids remain attached to one another
until anaphase
centromere
How many copies of chromosomes does each gamete
have after meisosis?
1
AND THEIR COMPLETE SOLUTION)
Energy required for bodily functions
ATP
Respiration that requires oxygen
aerobic
Respiration that does not use oxygen
anaerobic
What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
What are the steps of aerobic respiration?
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
Glucose catabolism includes which steps of cellular
respiration?
glycolysis, citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation includes which step(s) of
cellular respiration?
electron transport chain
small molecules being built into larger molecules
using energy
anabolic
large molecules being broken down into small
molecules by releasing energy
catabolic
inhibitor that bonds to enzyme that changes shape of
activation site
allosteric inhibition
,activator that changes an enzyme to allow a reaction
allosteric activator
where does glycolysis occur
cytoplasm
where does the citric acid cycle occur
mitochondria
where does electron transport chain occur
mitochondria
what is the substrate for glycolysis
glucose
what are the products for glycolysis
2 atp, 2 pyruvate, NADH
what is the substrate for the citric acid cycle
pyruvate
what is the product for the citric acid cycle
2 atp, NADH, FADH2, CO2
what is the substrate for electron transport chain
NADH, FADH2, O2
what is the product for electron transport chain
32-34 atp, H2O
what happens if cellular respiration skips the citric
acid cycle
fermentation
if cellular respiration skips citric acid, then it is
anaerobic
Cell division where daughter cells end up diploid
mitosis
Cell division where daughter cells end up haploid
meiosis
Cell division where daughter cells are genetically
different
, meiosis
How many sperm are produced vs ovum?
4 sperm, 1 ovum
Site of chromosome crossing over
chiasma
Name the difference in mitosis vs meiosis stages
meiosis goes through two rounds of cell division
Process where genes are rearranged to provide new
gene combinations
recombination (crossing-over)
failing of chromosomes or sister chromatids to
separate during meiosis
nondisjunction
type of reproduction where cells from two parents
unite to form first cell of new organism
sexual reproduction
cell containing one set of chromosomes
haploid
cell containing two sets of chromosomes
diploid
two chromosomes that are the same size, shape and
centromere position
homologous chromosomes
attached at a centromere and genetically identical
sister chromatids
where chromatids remain attached to one another
until anaphase
centromere
How many copies of chromosomes does each gamete
have after meisosis?
1
