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PN 145 Midterm Questions and Correct
Answers the Latest Update
65-74 years old
✓ Adaption to retirement
✓ Changing physical abilities
✓ Chronic illness may develop
75-84 years old
✓ Decline in speed of movement
✓ Balance issues
✓ Increased dependence on others
85+ years old
✓ Increasing physical limitations
✓ May need help with self care
65-74 years old- Nursing Responsibilities
✓ Assist patient with being mentally & physically active
75-84 years old- Nursing Responsibilities
✓ Assisting patients with coping of loss of own abilities. Loss of loved ones
85+ years old- Nursing Responsibilities
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✓ Main priority is assisting patient with ADLS
Changes with the Integumentary system
✓ Decreased skin turgor
✓ Decreased subcutaneous fat
✓ Melanocytes cluster
✓ Thinning and graying hair
✓ Thickening of fingernails and toenails
Changes with the Cardiovascular System
✓ Decreased chest wall movement
✓ Loss of viral capacity
✓ Kyphosis occurs
✓ Oxygen levels decrease by 10-15%
✓ Reduced cardiac output
✓ Decreased peripheral circulation
✓ Increased resistance increases
✓ Capillary refill thicken
Changes with the Neurological system
✓ Slower reaction time
✓ Decreased touch, smell and taste sensations
✓ Decreased visual activity
✓ Inability to hear high-pitched sounds
✓ Reduced spatial awareness
Changes with the Gastrointestinal system
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✓ Decreased production of saliva
✓ Gag reflex is decreased
✓ Decreased digestive enzymes
✓ Decreased intestinal motility
Changes with the Musculoskeletal system
✓ Intervertebral disc changes
✓ Decreased muscle strength and tone
✓ Decalcification of bones
✓ Degeneration of joints
Changes with the Genitourinary
✓ Decreased bladder capacity
✓ Prostate hypertrophy/stress incontinence
✓ Decrease in hormone production
✓ Atrophy of breast tissue
✓ Kidney mass loss
Changes with the Endocrine system
✓ Decrease in thyroid function
✓ Decrease in sensitivity of cells to insulin
✓ Pituitary gland decreases in size and function
✓ Increased blood glucose levels
✓ Adrenal glands produce less cortisol
Changes in Immune
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✓ Decreased production of antibodies by B cells
✓ Increased production of autoantibodies
✓ Decreased core body temperature
✓ Decreased T cell function
✓ Decreased stress response
✓ Decreased response to immunizations
Cognition- Perception
✓ Interpretation of stimuli
Cognition- Attention
✓ The brains ability to remain alert and aware
Cognition- Memory
✓ The process of retaining, storing, and retrieving information
Delerium
✓ Acute
✓ Causes- physiological or related to change
✓ Can be a warning sign
Dementia
✓ Chronic and progressive
✓ Cause can be unknown
Depression
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