ESS 301 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What percentage of volcanic rocks are produced at spreading ridges?
60%
Relative Time
(older vs. younger) arrangement into a sequence. Geologically, mostly based on
sedimentary rocks
Absolute Time
(quantitative), specification of duration. Geologically, mostly based on igneous rocks
Original Horizontality
Many rocks, particularly sedimentary, are deposited as horizontal layers
Superposition
Younger material is deposited on topof older material
Cross-Cutting Relations
features (faults, dikes, etc.) which cut layers are younger than those layers
Inclusion
objects (clasts, fossils) in a sedimentarylayer are older than the layer itself
Unconformities
Lengthy "gaps" in the rock record may be identified by the arrangement of layers
Deformation
tectonic processes that tilt or fold sedimentary rock
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What percentage of volcanic rocks are produced at spreading ridges?
60%
Relative Time
(older vs. younger) arrangement into a sequence. Geologically, mostly based on
sedimentary rocks
Absolute Time
(quantitative), specification of duration. Geologically, mostly based on igneous rocks
Original Horizontality
Many rocks, particularly sedimentary, are deposited as horizontal layers
Superposition
Younger material is deposited on topof older material
Cross-Cutting Relations
features (faults, dikes, etc.) which cut layers are younger than those layers
Inclusion
objects (clasts, fossils) in a sedimentarylayer are older than the layer itself
Unconformities
Lengthy "gaps" in the rock record may be identified by the arrangement of layers
Deformation
tectonic processes that tilt or fold sedimentary rock
