ESS 345 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
smooth muscle
- Fibers; non-striated, spindle-shaped, unnucleated.
- Involuntary, usually covering walls of internal organs.
skeletal muscle
- Fibers; striated, tubular, multi nucleated.
- Voluntary, usually attached to skeleton.
cardiac muscle
- Fibers; striated, branched and unnucleated.
- Involuntary, only covering walls of the heart.
epimysium
- Outer layer
- Connective tissue surrounding muscle
perimysium
- Middle layer
- Surrounds fascicles (bundles of muscle fiber)
endomysium
,- Inner layer
- Surrounds individual muscle cells (sarcomeres)
myofasical release
Also called foam rolling, said to increases joint range of motions.
plasmalemma
- Directly fuses to the tendon
- Cell membrane
- Conducts action potentials deep into muscle fibers through T-tubules
- Maintains pH, transports nutrients in/out of cell
sarcoplasm
- Cytoplasm
- Stores glycogen, glycolytic enzymes, and myoglobin
sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
stores Ca2+
sarcomeres
- The smallest contractile unit of muscle cells
- Z-disk to Z-disk is one sarcomere
satellite cells
- Involved in muscle growth and development
- Aids response to injury, immobilizations, training
, myofibrils
- Contain actin (light filaments) and myosin (dark filaments)
- Generate force by shortening
- Hundreds to thousands per muscle fiber
myosin
- Thick filament (A-band)
- Globular heads interact with actin filaments for contraction
actin
- Thin filament (I-band)
- Intertwined filaments; actin, tropomyosin, troponin
- Anchored at Z-disk
I band
- Actin: myosin-binding site
- Tropomyosin: covers myosin-binding site at rest
- Troponin: Ca+ binds to troponin, shifting tropomyosin to reveal myosin-binding site
titan
Molecular spring.
- One of the largest proteins ever discovered
- Prevents the sarcomere from overstretching
- Elasticity and recoil of muscle attributed to titan
motor unit
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
smooth muscle
- Fibers; non-striated, spindle-shaped, unnucleated.
- Involuntary, usually covering walls of internal organs.
skeletal muscle
- Fibers; striated, tubular, multi nucleated.
- Voluntary, usually attached to skeleton.
cardiac muscle
- Fibers; striated, branched and unnucleated.
- Involuntary, only covering walls of the heart.
epimysium
- Outer layer
- Connective tissue surrounding muscle
perimysium
- Middle layer
- Surrounds fascicles (bundles of muscle fiber)
endomysium
,- Inner layer
- Surrounds individual muscle cells (sarcomeres)
myofasical release
Also called foam rolling, said to increases joint range of motions.
plasmalemma
- Directly fuses to the tendon
- Cell membrane
- Conducts action potentials deep into muscle fibers through T-tubules
- Maintains pH, transports nutrients in/out of cell
sarcoplasm
- Cytoplasm
- Stores glycogen, glycolytic enzymes, and myoglobin
sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
stores Ca2+
sarcomeres
- The smallest contractile unit of muscle cells
- Z-disk to Z-disk is one sarcomere
satellite cells
- Involved in muscle growth and development
- Aids response to injury, immobilizations, training
, myofibrils
- Contain actin (light filaments) and myosin (dark filaments)
- Generate force by shortening
- Hundreds to thousands per muscle fiber
myosin
- Thick filament (A-band)
- Globular heads interact with actin filaments for contraction
actin
- Thin filament (I-band)
- Intertwined filaments; actin, tropomyosin, troponin
- Anchored at Z-disk
I band
- Actin: myosin-binding site
- Tropomyosin: covers myosin-binding site at rest
- Troponin: Ca+ binds to troponin, shifting tropomyosin to reveal myosin-binding site
titan
Molecular spring.
- One of the largest proteins ever discovered
- Prevents the sarcomere from overstretching
- Elasticity and recoil of muscle attributed to titan
motor unit
