FUNDAMENTALS SKILLS NR-224 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS/ A+ GRADE
Factors Influencing Hygiene
1) Social practices
2) Personal preferences
3) Body image
4) Socioeconomic status
5) Health beliefs and motivation
6) Cultural variables
7) Developmental stage
8) Physical condition
Personal Hygiene
* influences patients' comfort, safety, and well-being
* a variety of personal, social, financial, and cultural factors influence hygiene practices
* uses communication skills (listening, reflect, focus)
* integrate other nursing activities, including patient assessment and intervention
* always ensure privacy, convey respect, and foster a patient's independence, safety,
and comfort
--- ROM, Assess Skin Integrity, Provide independency
Social Practices
* social groups influence hygiene preferences and practices (including products used
and nature and frequency of personal care practices)
* family customs play a major role during childhood in determining hygiene practices,
such as frequency of bathing, time performed, brushing the teeth, or flossing performed.
* Adolescence: peer groups and media often influence hygiene practices, and health
education is important (ex: young girls + menstrual hygiene), becoming more involved in
personal appearance, wear makeup
* Living conditions and available resources, limited finances and in homeless, poverty
Personal Preferences
* How and when to perform hygiene and grooming
* Some prefer showers over bathe, as well as choosing different products preferred and
promotes individualized care
* Culture plays a role in sensitivity to personal space and gender
* Safe and effective patient-centered nursing care improves patient satisfaction and
health and reduces costs
Body Image
, person's subjective concept of his/her body, including physical appearance, structure, or
function
Affects the way in which individuals maintain personal hygiene
* neatly groomed appearance: consider the details of grooming when planning care and
consult with the patient before making decisions about how to provide hygiene
* unkempt or uninterested groomed patients: need education about its importance or
further assessment regarding ability to participate with daily hygiene
Surgery, illness, change in emotional or functional status affects body image
Discomfort and pain, emotional stress and fatigue diminishes the ability or desire to
perform hygiene self care and requires extra effort to promote hygiene and grooming
Socioeconomic status
influences type and extent of hygiene practices used; ability to regularly maintain
hygiene
One may need to modify the home environment by adding safety devices such as
nonskid surfaces and grab bars, etc.
Difficult for patients to participate and take responsible roles in health promotion
activities (basic hygiene)
health beliefs and motivation
motivation is the key factor in hygiene
motivational interviewing- identifies how a patient perceives benefit in performing
hygiene and his/her willingness to change behavior
Patient perceptions of the benefits of hygiene care and the susceptibility to and
seriousness of developing a problem affect the motivation to change behavior
(recognize the risk, action may be made)
Cultural Variables
cultural beliefs, religious practices, and personal values influence hygiene care
different backgrounds follow different self care practices
Nursing Diagnosis associated with hygiene
1. Activity intolerance
2. Impaired dressing and grooming
3. Impaired mobility
4. Impaired health maintenance
5. Impaired skin integrity
6. Ineffective health maintenance
7. Risk for infection
Safety Guidelines for Nursing Skills
* Identify the patient with two identifiers.
ANSWERS/ A+ GRADE
Factors Influencing Hygiene
1) Social practices
2) Personal preferences
3) Body image
4) Socioeconomic status
5) Health beliefs and motivation
6) Cultural variables
7) Developmental stage
8) Physical condition
Personal Hygiene
* influences patients' comfort, safety, and well-being
* a variety of personal, social, financial, and cultural factors influence hygiene practices
* uses communication skills (listening, reflect, focus)
* integrate other nursing activities, including patient assessment and intervention
* always ensure privacy, convey respect, and foster a patient's independence, safety,
and comfort
--- ROM, Assess Skin Integrity, Provide independency
Social Practices
* social groups influence hygiene preferences and practices (including products used
and nature and frequency of personal care practices)
* family customs play a major role during childhood in determining hygiene practices,
such as frequency of bathing, time performed, brushing the teeth, or flossing performed.
* Adolescence: peer groups and media often influence hygiene practices, and health
education is important (ex: young girls + menstrual hygiene), becoming more involved in
personal appearance, wear makeup
* Living conditions and available resources, limited finances and in homeless, poverty
Personal Preferences
* How and when to perform hygiene and grooming
* Some prefer showers over bathe, as well as choosing different products preferred and
promotes individualized care
* Culture plays a role in sensitivity to personal space and gender
* Safe and effective patient-centered nursing care improves patient satisfaction and
health and reduces costs
Body Image
, person's subjective concept of his/her body, including physical appearance, structure, or
function
Affects the way in which individuals maintain personal hygiene
* neatly groomed appearance: consider the details of grooming when planning care and
consult with the patient before making decisions about how to provide hygiene
* unkempt or uninterested groomed patients: need education about its importance or
further assessment regarding ability to participate with daily hygiene
Surgery, illness, change in emotional or functional status affects body image
Discomfort and pain, emotional stress and fatigue diminishes the ability or desire to
perform hygiene self care and requires extra effort to promote hygiene and grooming
Socioeconomic status
influences type and extent of hygiene practices used; ability to regularly maintain
hygiene
One may need to modify the home environment by adding safety devices such as
nonskid surfaces and grab bars, etc.
Difficult for patients to participate and take responsible roles in health promotion
activities (basic hygiene)
health beliefs and motivation
motivation is the key factor in hygiene
motivational interviewing- identifies how a patient perceives benefit in performing
hygiene and his/her willingness to change behavior
Patient perceptions of the benefits of hygiene care and the susceptibility to and
seriousness of developing a problem affect the motivation to change behavior
(recognize the risk, action may be made)
Cultural Variables
cultural beliefs, religious practices, and personal values influence hygiene care
different backgrounds follow different self care practices
Nursing Diagnosis associated with hygiene
1. Activity intolerance
2. Impaired dressing and grooming
3. Impaired mobility
4. Impaired health maintenance
5. Impaired skin integrity
6. Ineffective health maintenance
7. Risk for infection
Safety Guidelines for Nursing Skills
* Identify the patient with two identifiers.
