BI 234 SKIN DISEASES EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE
acne vulgaris
affects 60-70% of the US at some point, disease of the normal microbiota,
Proprionbacteria acnes, gram positive bacteria, genetic predispositions can lead to
more severe cases
impetigo
caused by staphylococcus aureus, gram positive, superficial rash that spreads directly
from person to person, also caused by streptococci, prevention is good hygiene and
treatment is antibiotics, primarily spreads in young children in humid climates, involves
exfoliatins
scalded skin syndrome
caused by staphylococcus aureus (gram positive), affects mainly
infants/elderly/immunocompromised, risk factor is skin infection at umbilicus or
elsewhere, exfoliatins are carried in blood to epidermis & large regions of significant
exfoliation, treatment is cleaning the wounds, antitoxin, typical outcome in an infant is
rapid improvement and healing once treated, mortality in extreme cases due to fluid loss
or secondary infections
toxic shock syndrome
, rapid onset illness and always serious, risk factors include extended tampon
usage/post-childbirth infections/wound infections, in all cases requires S. aureus to
release Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin, enters bloodstream and causes
fever/vomiting/diarrhea/rash/scalded skin --> hypotension --> shock --> multiple organ
failure
erysipelas
acute, localized inflammation and swelling of epidermis and dermis. Caused by
Streptococcus pyogenes (g+), pathogen enters through small break in skin and grows
from small red spot to inflamed swollen patch on face and head, red and hot to touch,
nausea and vomiting, treatment is oral or topical antibiotics and can be fatal if untreated
and spreads to blood and lymph
necrotizing fasciitis
rare and critically serious complication of S. pyogenes (g+) infections, involved
subcutaneous tissue and fascia. exotoxins released by S. pyogenes can damage
tissues and cause TSS, usually begins in conjunction with another injury/cut/abrasion,
similar to gas gangrene
common warts (papillomas)
caused by cutaneous HPV strains (papillomaviridae, dsDNA, naked, icosahedral), small
benign tumors, extreme overgrowth of squamous epithelium, harmless on skin/not
associated with increased cancer risk. can be transmitted by contact, directly through
breaks in skin, not highly contagious, hands and feet suffer most trauma
genital warts (cutaneous and mucosal)
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
LATEST UPDATE
acne vulgaris
affects 60-70% of the US at some point, disease of the normal microbiota,
Proprionbacteria acnes, gram positive bacteria, genetic predispositions can lead to
more severe cases
impetigo
caused by staphylococcus aureus, gram positive, superficial rash that spreads directly
from person to person, also caused by streptococci, prevention is good hygiene and
treatment is antibiotics, primarily spreads in young children in humid climates, involves
exfoliatins
scalded skin syndrome
caused by staphylococcus aureus (gram positive), affects mainly
infants/elderly/immunocompromised, risk factor is skin infection at umbilicus or
elsewhere, exfoliatins are carried in blood to epidermis & large regions of significant
exfoliation, treatment is cleaning the wounds, antitoxin, typical outcome in an infant is
rapid improvement and healing once treated, mortality in extreme cases due to fluid loss
or secondary infections
toxic shock syndrome
, rapid onset illness and always serious, risk factors include extended tampon
usage/post-childbirth infections/wound infections, in all cases requires S. aureus to
release Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin, enters bloodstream and causes
fever/vomiting/diarrhea/rash/scalded skin --> hypotension --> shock --> multiple organ
failure
erysipelas
acute, localized inflammation and swelling of epidermis and dermis. Caused by
Streptococcus pyogenes (g+), pathogen enters through small break in skin and grows
from small red spot to inflamed swollen patch on face and head, red and hot to touch,
nausea and vomiting, treatment is oral or topical antibiotics and can be fatal if untreated
and spreads to blood and lymph
necrotizing fasciitis
rare and critically serious complication of S. pyogenes (g+) infections, involved
subcutaneous tissue and fascia. exotoxins released by S. pyogenes can damage
tissues and cause TSS, usually begins in conjunction with another injury/cut/abrasion,
similar to gas gangrene
common warts (papillomas)
caused by cutaneous HPV strains (papillomaviridae, dsDNA, naked, icosahedral), small
benign tumors, extreme overgrowth of squamous epithelium, harmless on skin/not
associated with increased cancer risk. can be transmitted by contact, directly through
breaks in skin, not highly contagious, hands and feet suffer most trauma
genital warts (cutaneous and mucosal)
