NR 224 FUNDAMENTALS CHAPTER 38 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS/ A+ GRADE
The coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems maintain what?
Balance, posture, and body alignment during lifting, bending, moving, and performing
activities of daily living (ADLs)
What reduces the risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system and facilitate body
movements, allowing physical mobility without muscle strain and excessive use of
muscle energy?
Proper balance, posture, and body alignment
What is body alignment?
Body alignment refers to the relationship of one body part to another along a horizontal
or vertical line.
Correct alignment involves positioning so what doesn't occur?
Excessive strain is placed on a person's joints, tendons, ligaments, or muscles, thereby
maintaining adequate muscle tone and contributing to balance
When does body balance occur?
When a relatively low center of gravity is balanced over a wide, stable base of support
and a vertical line falls from the center of gravity through the base of support
What is weight?
The force exerted on a body by gravity
In symmetrical objects the center of gravity is located where?
The center of the object
Is the force of weight is always directed upward, downward, or side to side?
Downward
What is friction?
A force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
How is friction reduced?
Decrease the object's surface area
Does a patient who is passive or immobilized produces greater or lesser friction to
movement?
Greater
What are air assisted devices?
Commercially available transfer devices that are effective solutions to reducing injury to
health care employees and patients
What is activity tolerance?
The type and amount of exercise or activity that the patient is able to perform
What is isotonic contraction?
They cause muscle contraction and change in muscle length
What are examples of isotonic exercises?
Walking, swimming, dance aerobics, jogging, bicycling, and moving arms and legs with
light resistance
What is isometric exercises?
ANSWERS/ A+ GRADE
The coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems maintain what?
Balance, posture, and body alignment during lifting, bending, moving, and performing
activities of daily living (ADLs)
What reduces the risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system and facilitate body
movements, allowing physical mobility without muscle strain and excessive use of
muscle energy?
Proper balance, posture, and body alignment
What is body alignment?
Body alignment refers to the relationship of one body part to another along a horizontal
or vertical line.
Correct alignment involves positioning so what doesn't occur?
Excessive strain is placed on a person's joints, tendons, ligaments, or muscles, thereby
maintaining adequate muscle tone and contributing to balance
When does body balance occur?
When a relatively low center of gravity is balanced over a wide, stable base of support
and a vertical line falls from the center of gravity through the base of support
What is weight?
The force exerted on a body by gravity
In symmetrical objects the center of gravity is located where?
The center of the object
Is the force of weight is always directed upward, downward, or side to side?
Downward
What is friction?
A force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
How is friction reduced?
Decrease the object's surface area
Does a patient who is passive or immobilized produces greater or lesser friction to
movement?
Greater
What are air assisted devices?
Commercially available transfer devices that are effective solutions to reducing injury to
health care employees and patients
What is activity tolerance?
The type and amount of exercise or activity that the patient is able to perform
What is isotonic contraction?
They cause muscle contraction and change in muscle length
What are examples of isotonic exercises?
Walking, swimming, dance aerobics, jogging, bicycling, and moving arms and legs with
light resistance
What is isometric exercises?
