NR 224 FUNDAMENTALS CHAPTER 40 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS/ A+ GRADE
Why is oxygen important?
To sustain life
What body systems supply the oxygen demands of the body?
Cardiac and Respiratory
How is blood oxygenated? Hint: There are three steps
Ventilation, Perfusion, and Diffusion
What is respiration?
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism.
What body parts in the respiratory system are essential for ventilation, perfusion,
and diffusion?
The respiratory muscles, pleural space, lungs, and alveoli
What level is intrapleaural pressure at?
Negative, less than atmospheric pressure which is 760 mmHg at sea leve
What is ventilation?
The process of moving gases into and out of the lungs
What is perfusion?
The ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and
return deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What is diffusion?
Responsible for moving the respiratory gases from one area to another by concentration
gradients
What does WOB stand for? And what is it?
Work of breathing
The effort required to expand and contract the lungs
What is inspiration?
Inhaling
An active process, stimulated by chemical receptors in the aorta
What is expiration?
Exhaling
A passive process that depends on the elastic recoil properties of the lungs, requiring
little or no muscle work
What is surfactant?
A chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep
them from collapsing
What is atelectasis?
A collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is compliance?
The ability of the lungs to distend or expand in response to increased intraalveolar
pressure
What is airway resistance?
ANSWERS/ A+ GRADE
Why is oxygen important?
To sustain life
What body systems supply the oxygen demands of the body?
Cardiac and Respiratory
How is blood oxygenated? Hint: There are three steps
Ventilation, Perfusion, and Diffusion
What is respiration?
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism.
What body parts in the respiratory system are essential for ventilation, perfusion,
and diffusion?
The respiratory muscles, pleural space, lungs, and alveoli
What level is intrapleaural pressure at?
Negative, less than atmospheric pressure which is 760 mmHg at sea leve
What is ventilation?
The process of moving gases into and out of the lungs
What is perfusion?
The ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the tissues and
return deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What is diffusion?
Responsible for moving the respiratory gases from one area to another by concentration
gradients
What does WOB stand for? And what is it?
Work of breathing
The effort required to expand and contract the lungs
What is inspiration?
Inhaling
An active process, stimulated by chemical receptors in the aorta
What is expiration?
Exhaling
A passive process that depends on the elastic recoil properties of the lungs, requiring
little or no muscle work
What is surfactant?
A chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the alveoli and keep
them from collapsing
What is atelectasis?
A collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is compliance?
The ability of the lungs to distend or expand in response to increased intraalveolar
pressure
What is airway resistance?
