Chapter 06: Maintaining Fluid Balance and
Meeting Nutritional Needs
Williams: Basic Geriatric Nursing, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which amount is the recommended daily allowance of protein for an adult?
a. 200 grams
b. 20 grams
c. 150 grams
d. 56 grams
ANS: D
The recommended daily allowance for protein is 46 grams for adult women and 56
grams for adult men.
DIF: 2 REF: p. 114 OBJ: 2 TOP: Protein Intake Equivalent
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
2. An older patient is having trouble with hydration. Which foods could the nurse suggest to
increase fluid intake?
a. Fresh fruits
b. Cooked meats
c. Breads
d. Dried fruits
, ANS: A
Fresh fruits have a high fluid content. Dried fruits, cooked meats, and breads have a
lower fluid content.
DIF: 4 REF: p. 132 OBJ: 2 TOP: MyPyramid: Fruit
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient regarding a new
prescription for an oral iron supplement?
a. Supplements should be taken between meals on an empty stomach.
b. Medication should be drunk from a nonmetal glass.
c. The color of the stool will change to dark green or black.
d. Gastrointestinal irritation is unlikely to occur.
ANS: C
Iron supplements can color the stool a dark green or black. Iron should be taken with
a meal to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. The preparation should be taken through a
straw. The supplement might cause constipation or diarrhea.
DIF: 4 REF: p. 118 OBJ: 8 TOP: Iron Preparations
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. The nurse encourages a group of extended care residents to sit out on the sunny patio for
an hour each day. Which vitamin level is the nurse trying to improve?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin K
, ANS: C
Exposure to the sun allows the skin to synthesize vitamin D, which is required for
calcium absorption.
DIF: 7 REF: p. 116 OBJ: 8 TOP: Synthesis of Vitamin D
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. Which value is the caloric value (in calories per gram [cal/g]) of protein?
a. 9 cal/g
b. 4 cal/g
c. 0 cal/g
d. 7 cal/g
ANS: B
Proteins yield 4 cal/g.
DIF: 3 REF: p. 112 OBJ: 1 TOP: Calorie Values
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
6. Which value is the caloric value of alcohol?
a. 9 cal/g
b. 4 cal/g
c. 0 cal/g
d. 7 cal/g
ANS: D
Alcohol yields 7 cal/g.
DIF: 3 REF: p. 112 OBJ: 1 TOP: Calorie Values
Meeting Nutritional Needs
Williams: Basic Geriatric Nursing, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which amount is the recommended daily allowance of protein for an adult?
a. 200 grams
b. 20 grams
c. 150 grams
d. 56 grams
ANS: D
The recommended daily allowance for protein is 46 grams for adult women and 56
grams for adult men.
DIF: 2 REF: p. 114 OBJ: 2 TOP: Protein Intake Equivalent
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
2. An older patient is having trouble with hydration. Which foods could the nurse suggest to
increase fluid intake?
a. Fresh fruits
b. Cooked meats
c. Breads
d. Dried fruits
, ANS: A
Fresh fruits have a high fluid content. Dried fruits, cooked meats, and breads have a
lower fluid content.
DIF: 4 REF: p. 132 OBJ: 2 TOP: MyPyramid: Fruit
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient regarding a new
prescription for an oral iron supplement?
a. Supplements should be taken between meals on an empty stomach.
b. Medication should be drunk from a nonmetal glass.
c. The color of the stool will change to dark green or black.
d. Gastrointestinal irritation is unlikely to occur.
ANS: C
Iron supplements can color the stool a dark green or black. Iron should be taken with
a meal to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. The preparation should be taken through a
straw. The supplement might cause constipation or diarrhea.
DIF: 4 REF: p. 118 OBJ: 8 TOP: Iron Preparations
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
4. The nurse encourages a group of extended care residents to sit out on the sunny patio for
an hour each day. Which vitamin level is the nurse trying to improve?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin B12
c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin K
, ANS: C
Exposure to the sun allows the skin to synthesize vitamin D, which is required for
calcium absorption.
DIF: 7 REF: p. 116 OBJ: 8 TOP: Synthesis of Vitamin D
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. Which value is the caloric value (in calories per gram [cal/g]) of protein?
a. 9 cal/g
b. 4 cal/g
c. 0 cal/g
d. 7 cal/g
ANS: B
Proteins yield 4 cal/g.
DIF: 3 REF: p. 112 OBJ: 1 TOP: Calorie Values
KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A
6. Which value is the caloric value of alcohol?
a. 9 cal/g
b. 4 cal/g
c. 0 cal/g
d. 7 cal/g
ANS: D
Alcohol yields 7 cal/g.
DIF: 3 REF: p. 112 OBJ: 1 TOP: Calorie Values
