ONCOLOGY (EXAM #1) 2024/2025
What is oncology? - Precise Answer ✔✔The study of neoplasms
(tumors)
What is the leading cause of death in the U.S.? - Precise Answer
✔✔Cancer
What is a neoplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔New growth
What is neoplasms? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Abnormal mass of tissue
(tumor)
-Growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal tissues
-Persists in excessive manner after removal of stimuli evoking change
-Depends on host for nutrition and blood supply
What is a primary tumor? - Precise Answer ✔✔Arises from cells that
are normally local to the given structure
What is a secondary tumor? - Precise Answer ✔✔Arises from cells that
have metastasized from another part of the body
What is carcinoma in situ? - Precise Answer ✔✔Refers to preinvasive
epithelial tumors of glandular or squamous cell origin
,What is differentiation? - Precise Answer ✔✔Process of normal cells
undergoing physical and structural changes as they develop to form
different tissues of the body
What is dysplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔Disorganization of cells
-Adult cells vary from normal size, shape or organization
-May reverse or progress to cancer
What is metaplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔1st level of dysplasia
-Reversible and benign
-Abnormal change of one cell type changing to another cell type
What is anaplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔Loss of cellular differentiation
-Most advanced form of metaplasia
-Characteristic f malignant cells only
What is hyperplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Increase in number of cells
in tissue
-Increased tissue mass
-Reversible
What is metastasis? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Movement of cells from one
part of the body to another
, -Unequivocally identifies a neoplasm as malignant
What are carcinogens? - Precise Answer ✔✔Etiologic agents capable of
initiating the malignant transformation of a cell
What is carcinogenesis? - Precise Answer ✔✔Process of a normal cell
undergoing malignant transformation
How are neoplasms classified? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Cell type
-Tissue of origin
-Degree of differentiation
-Anatomic site
-Benign or malignant
What are characteristics of benign neoplasms? - Precise Answer ✔✔-
Non-cancerous
-Harmless
-Encapsulated
-Non-invasive
-Slow growth and progression
-No metastasis
-Little to no vascularity
-Recurrence is rare
What is oncology? - Precise Answer ✔✔The study of neoplasms
(tumors)
What is the leading cause of death in the U.S.? - Precise Answer
✔✔Cancer
What is a neoplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔New growth
What is neoplasms? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Abnormal mass of tissue
(tumor)
-Growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal tissues
-Persists in excessive manner after removal of stimuli evoking change
-Depends on host for nutrition and blood supply
What is a primary tumor? - Precise Answer ✔✔Arises from cells that
are normally local to the given structure
What is a secondary tumor? - Precise Answer ✔✔Arises from cells that
have metastasized from another part of the body
What is carcinoma in situ? - Precise Answer ✔✔Refers to preinvasive
epithelial tumors of glandular or squamous cell origin
,What is differentiation? - Precise Answer ✔✔Process of normal cells
undergoing physical and structural changes as they develop to form
different tissues of the body
What is dysplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔Disorganization of cells
-Adult cells vary from normal size, shape or organization
-May reverse or progress to cancer
What is metaplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔1st level of dysplasia
-Reversible and benign
-Abnormal change of one cell type changing to another cell type
What is anaplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔Loss of cellular differentiation
-Most advanced form of metaplasia
-Characteristic f malignant cells only
What is hyperplasia? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Increase in number of cells
in tissue
-Increased tissue mass
-Reversible
What is metastasis? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Movement of cells from one
part of the body to another
, -Unequivocally identifies a neoplasm as malignant
What are carcinogens? - Precise Answer ✔✔Etiologic agents capable of
initiating the malignant transformation of a cell
What is carcinogenesis? - Precise Answer ✔✔Process of a normal cell
undergoing malignant transformation
How are neoplasms classified? - Precise Answer ✔✔-Cell type
-Tissue of origin
-Degree of differentiation
-Anatomic site
-Benign or malignant
What are characteristics of benign neoplasms? - Precise Answer ✔✔-
Non-cancerous
-Harmless
-Encapsulated
-Non-invasive
-Slow growth and progression
-No metastasis
-Little to no vascularity
-Recurrence is rare
