: Health Policy and Review Questions

300: Health Policy and Review Questions What is health policy? What is allocated by health policy? - Correct Answer Decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society, resources What is reflected by health policy? Is it formulated, enacted, and enforced through political processes at local, regional, provincial, territorial, and federal levels? - Correct Answer Beliefs, attitudes, values of those designing the policy, yes What is social justice? - Correct Answer Fair distribution of society benefits and responsibilities, and their consequences What are health inequalities? - Correct Answer Differences in health status among population groups defined by specific characteristics, can be due to biological factors and individual choices What are health inequities? What are these differences considered to be? What are these differences attributed to? - Correct Answer Differences in health that could be avoided if reasonable action were taken, unfair and socially unjust, unequal distribution of social and economic factors that influence health What is politics? - Correct Answer Conflicting interests struggle for advantage or dominance in the making and execution of public policies Why do politics exist? - Correct Answer Resources can be limited and some people control more resources than others What do stakeholders do? What do stake holders control? - Correct Answer Exert political pressure on health policy makers in an effort to make the health care system work to their economic advantage, health care resources Who is health care defined and controlled by? - Correct Answer Those with political influence and power What do nurses need to know about health policy and politics? (5) - Correct Answer Relevance of health policy and politics, impact of control and distribution issues on incomes/workloads/work environments/clients, play a role in policy because of knowledge and experience with determinants of health, ethical and moral obligation, need to develop strong political and advocacy skills What is advocacy as defined by the CNA? - Correct Answer Engaging others, exercising your voice, mobilizing evidence to influence policy and practice, speaking out against inequity and inequality, participating in political processes and acknowledging the importance of evidence, power, and politics in advancing policy options How do politically active nurses act? (5) - Correct Answer Articulate what nurses do and why, have clear political strategy before taking political action, aware of the position of other involved groups, listen to other policy perspectives, lobby at individual and federal levels What are the steps in the development of health policies? (6) - Correct Answer Problem identification, agenda-setting, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation, policy evaluation What is problem identification? What do nurses do at this stage? - Correct Answer A health-related issue is identified as a problem, frame the issue What is involved in agenda setting? (2) - Correct Answer Negotiation and debate, mobilization of support from interested politicians and interest groups What is policy analysis? - Correct Answer A process for understanding the nature, intent, and impact of a policy by assessing its strengths and weaknesses How can nurses demonstrate effective advocacy skills? (10) - Correct Answer Understand the environment, know the desired outcome, have a strategy, be regular and consistent, know your audience, make it personal, focus on solutions not problems, be certain of the facts, use many approaches, be persistent What are some examples of ways nurses can influence public policy? (10) - Correct Answer Join a professional organization, write letters to print media, become informed on public issues and share political recommendations, work on political campaigns, testify to state legislature committee on health legislation, donate money, conduct research with policy implications and publish, become an environmental luminary, express through art, become active in International Council of Nurses What is the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)? Along with provincial professional associations, what does it encourage? (2) - Correct Answer National professional voice of registered nurses in Canada, political awareness, activisim Why was Health Canada's Office of Nursing Policy (ONP) created? - Correct Answer To help Canadians maintain and improve their health through development of policy which integrates the views of nurses and the nursing profession What does the office of nursing policy do? (4) - Correct Answer Issue identification and synthesis, enhancing evidence-base for policy development, brokering knowledge, creating opportunities What are the priorities of the office of nursing policy? (3) - Correct Answer Healthcare access through workforce stability, healthcare quality through workforce development, healthcare sustainability through system transformation What are the defining attributes of social justice according to the CNA? (10) - Correct Answer Equity, human rights, right to health democracy and civil rights, capacity building, just institutions, enabling environments, poverty reduction, ethical practice, advocacy, partnerships What responsible actions can nurses and the nursing profession take toward eliminating avoidable disparities? (3) - Correct Answer Pursue roles in advocacy, partnering, policy change The Canada Health Act embraces which of the following five principles? A: Public administration, comprehensiveness, universality, portability, accessibility B: Social justice, equity, acceptability, efficiency, effectiveness C: Accountability, equality, economy, collaboration, coordination D: Insured health services, provider compensation, hospital services, community care, pharmaceuticals - Correct Answer A: Public administration, comprehensiveness, universality, portability, accessibility A process used today by nurses or nurse managers in health care organizations, which of the following best describes management? A: scientific management B: decision making C: commanding and controlling others, using hierarchical authority D: planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling - Correct Answer D: planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling Which of the following best defines leadership? A: being in a leadership position with authority to exert control and power over subordinates B: a process of interaction in which the leader influences others toward goal achievement C: managing complexity D: being self- confident and democratic - Correct Answer B: a process of interaction in which the leader influences others toward goal A nurse manager appropriately behaves as an autocrat in which situation? A: Planning vacation time for staff. B: Directing staff activities if a client has a cardiac arrest. C: Evaluation a new medication administration process. D: Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of a client education video. - Correct Answer B: Directing staff activities if a client has a cardiac arrest. Economics is the study of which of the following? A: The cost, quality interface B: Cost accounting C: The cost of doing business D: How to manage scarce resources - Correct Answer D: How to manage scarce resources An operating budget accounts for which of the following? A: The purchase of major and minor equipment B: Construction and renovation C: Income and expenses associated with daily activities within an organization D: Applications for new technology - Correct Answer C: Income and expenses associated with daily activities within an organization Why does politics exist? A: It is required by law B: Resources cannot be limited by political process C: Some people control more resources than others D: Resources must be equally distributed amongst stakeholders - Correct Answer C: Some people control more resources than others