FIS 480 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST A+ GRADED
Quality Assurance (QA)
Planned and systematic actions necessary to demonstrate that a laboratory's product or
service meets specified requirements for quality.
Quality Control (QC)
"Internal activities, or activities conducted according to externally established standards,
used to monitor the quality of analytical data and to ensure that it satisfies specified
criteria."
1. Testing reagents before use.
2. Checking calibration of the instruments
3. Technical Review of Reports
Dry-labbing
pretending to have analyzed evidence
Competency Test
is the evaluation of a person's ability to perform work in a functional area prior to the
performance of independent case work.
Profeciency Test
-is a quality assurance measure used to monitor performance and identify areas in
which improvement may be needed
-Proficiency tests may be classified as: (1) an Internal proficiency test is one prepared
and administered by the laboratory; (2) an External proficiency test, which may be open
or blind, is one which is obtained from a second agency.
How often must an analyst take a PT?
According the standards, each examiner must complete an annual proficiency test. This
is required for every discipline.
For DNA its TWICE a yearand must be external, every 4 months no longer than 8.
SWGDAM
Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods
used to be named TWGDAM
DAB
DNA Advisory Board
no longer exists
CODIS
Combined DNA Index System used by law enforcement to identify DNA samples from a
crime scene
How the guidelines came to be....
1. TWGDAM drafted guidelines of quality for forensic labs.
2.Then the gov't wanted to formalize forensic labs and the DAB was created.
3. The DAB built on and modified those guidelines drafted by TWGDAM. The DAB
group was composed of many individuals with various backgrounds.
4.The DAB gave these guidelines to the FBI director who incorporated them into the FBI
Quality Assurance Standards (QAS).
, 5.These QAS standards were part of ASCLD/LAB accreditation criteria for DNA
sections.
ASCLD
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors
ASCLD/LAB
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board
ANAB
NSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board (American National Standards Institute -
American Society for Quality
absorbed ASCLD. the current standard for lab accreditation.
reqires 100% creiteria
ASCLD/LAB Legacy
There were 151 criteria to be evaluated:
90 are Essential (i.e. Evidence Handling)
45 are Important (i.e. Budget)
16 are Desirable (i.e. Library)
the orignial guidelines
To obtain accreditation a lab must:
Meet 100% of the FBI Quality Assurance Standards (which include DAB guidelines).
Meet 100% of ASCLD/LAB's Essential Criteria.
Meet 75% of ASCLD/LAB's Important Criteria.
Meet 50% of ASCLD/LAB's Desirable Criteria
ISO 17025:2005
-Internationational organiztion for standards
-ISO is a developer of international standards, they are trying to create global
compatibility.
So the organization decided to base their name on a Greek word isos, meaning "equal".
-these are the main standards used by testing and calibration labs.
There are two main sections:
-Management Requirements - which test the effectiveness of the quality management
system.
-Technical Requirements - relates to things such as competence of staff, SOPs and
equipment.
audit vs accedation
-An audit involves "pulling" a little of everything, checking for quality compliance and
making room for improvements. must be done every year, internally then externally.
-accedations is forthe entire lab and must be completed every 5 years.
ABC
America board or criminalistics
Certification vs accreditation
certification si something san individual can do, vs an accreditation is for the entire
labatory.
Verification
Provision of objective evidence that a given item fulfils specified requirements (ISO/IEC
17025:2017).
Quality Assurance (QA)
Planned and systematic actions necessary to demonstrate that a laboratory's product or
service meets specified requirements for quality.
Quality Control (QC)
"Internal activities, or activities conducted according to externally established standards,
used to monitor the quality of analytical data and to ensure that it satisfies specified
criteria."
1. Testing reagents before use.
2. Checking calibration of the instruments
3. Technical Review of Reports
Dry-labbing
pretending to have analyzed evidence
Competency Test
is the evaluation of a person's ability to perform work in a functional area prior to the
performance of independent case work.
Profeciency Test
-is a quality assurance measure used to monitor performance and identify areas in
which improvement may be needed
-Proficiency tests may be classified as: (1) an Internal proficiency test is one prepared
and administered by the laboratory; (2) an External proficiency test, which may be open
or blind, is one which is obtained from a second agency.
How often must an analyst take a PT?
According the standards, each examiner must complete an annual proficiency test. This
is required for every discipline.
For DNA its TWICE a yearand must be external, every 4 months no longer than 8.
SWGDAM
Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods
used to be named TWGDAM
DAB
DNA Advisory Board
no longer exists
CODIS
Combined DNA Index System used by law enforcement to identify DNA samples from a
crime scene
How the guidelines came to be....
1. TWGDAM drafted guidelines of quality for forensic labs.
2.Then the gov't wanted to formalize forensic labs and the DAB was created.
3. The DAB built on and modified those guidelines drafted by TWGDAM. The DAB
group was composed of many individuals with various backgrounds.
4.The DAB gave these guidelines to the FBI director who incorporated them into the FBI
Quality Assurance Standards (QAS).
, 5.These QAS standards were part of ASCLD/LAB accreditation criteria for DNA
sections.
ASCLD
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors
ASCLD/LAB
American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors/Laboratory Accreditation Board
ANAB
NSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board (American National Standards Institute -
American Society for Quality
absorbed ASCLD. the current standard for lab accreditation.
reqires 100% creiteria
ASCLD/LAB Legacy
There were 151 criteria to be evaluated:
90 are Essential (i.e. Evidence Handling)
45 are Important (i.e. Budget)
16 are Desirable (i.e. Library)
the orignial guidelines
To obtain accreditation a lab must:
Meet 100% of the FBI Quality Assurance Standards (which include DAB guidelines).
Meet 100% of ASCLD/LAB's Essential Criteria.
Meet 75% of ASCLD/LAB's Important Criteria.
Meet 50% of ASCLD/LAB's Desirable Criteria
ISO 17025:2005
-Internationational organiztion for standards
-ISO is a developer of international standards, they are trying to create global
compatibility.
So the organization decided to base their name on a Greek word isos, meaning "equal".
-these are the main standards used by testing and calibration labs.
There are two main sections:
-Management Requirements - which test the effectiveness of the quality management
system.
-Technical Requirements - relates to things such as competence of staff, SOPs and
equipment.
audit vs accedation
-An audit involves "pulling" a little of everything, checking for quality compliance and
making room for improvements. must be done every year, internally then externally.
-accedations is forthe entire lab and must be completed every 5 years.
ABC
America board or criminalistics
Certification vs accreditation
certification si something san individual can do, vs an accreditation is for the entire
labatory.
Verification
Provision of objective evidence that a given item fulfils specified requirements (ISO/IEC
17025:2017).
