MHA 708 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Health security act
Affordable care act
Two major healthcare reforms in the late 20th century
Health Security Act
1990
Developed by Clinton administration
Spearheaded by Hillary Clinton
Failed to pass
Affordable Care Act
passed in March 2010
Obama administration
Federal law
Health security act focused on
Universal coverage mandate
-required all employers to contribute to cover costs of insurance premiums for workers.
-caps on total employer cost and subsidies for small businesses.
-additional financing provided through savings from cuts in spending and increased tobaccos taxes.
,ACA focused on
Reforming the PHI market.
-Extending coverage to the uninsured, provide better coverage for those with preexisting conditions,
improving prescription drug coverage in Medicare, and extending life of Medicare trust fund accounts.
-financed through taxes, 40% on Cadillac insurance policies and taxes on pharmaceuticals, medical
devices, indoor tanning services, and penalties on uninsured individuals.
Clinton plan derailed due to
heavy opposition of the medical and insurance industries and by antitax rhetoric.
Trump Administration
2017
Had republican controlled congress
Tried to repeal/replace ACA and failed
Repealing the ACA in 2016
would leave 22 million people with a loss of insurance coverage by 2018
Determined by Congressional Budget Office
American Health Care Act (AHCA)
2017
Trump administration supported
Congressional Budget Office determined 52 million people left uninsured and those with insurance
would have higher premiums by 2020
,Passed by the house of 217 votes compared to 213
Senate rejected
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
passed and signed into law 2017
repealed ACA mandate for required coverage
United States GDP
Gross Domestic Product
16.9%
2018
leading country for overall and per capita measures
WHO Report 2018
US ranked 37 among 191 countries for healthcare
US healthcare performance 2014
ranked behind 10 other industrialized countries
basis of quality, efficiency, access, equity, and health outcome measures
WHO definition of health
Not merely the absence of disease or infirmity but a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being.
Public health issues
according to WHO definition of health is issues such as poverty lack of education, discrimination, and
other social, cultural, and political conditions.
, Life Expectancy
most common measure of physical health
positive health status vs. lack of health/incidence of poor health
most frequent indicators: mortality, morbidity and disability
anticipated number of years of life remaining at a given age
Quality-adjusted life years
combines mortality and morbidity
reflects the years of life free of disability and symptoms of illness
mortality
number of deaths in a given population within a specified period
morbidity
incidence or prevalence of diseases in a given population within a specified period
disability
physical or mental condition that limits an individuals ability to perform functions considered normal
Mental health measures
1. mental conditions: depression, disorder, distress
2. behaviors: suicide, drug/alcohol abuse
3. perceptions: mental status
4. satisfaction: with life, work, relationships
5. services received: counseling, drug treatment
Mental illness ranked
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
Health security act
Affordable care act
Two major healthcare reforms in the late 20th century
Health Security Act
1990
Developed by Clinton administration
Spearheaded by Hillary Clinton
Failed to pass
Affordable Care Act
passed in March 2010
Obama administration
Federal law
Health security act focused on
Universal coverage mandate
-required all employers to contribute to cover costs of insurance premiums for workers.
-caps on total employer cost and subsidies for small businesses.
-additional financing provided through savings from cuts in spending and increased tobaccos taxes.
,ACA focused on
Reforming the PHI market.
-Extending coverage to the uninsured, provide better coverage for those with preexisting conditions,
improving prescription drug coverage in Medicare, and extending life of Medicare trust fund accounts.
-financed through taxes, 40% on Cadillac insurance policies and taxes on pharmaceuticals, medical
devices, indoor tanning services, and penalties on uninsured individuals.
Clinton plan derailed due to
heavy opposition of the medical and insurance industries and by antitax rhetoric.
Trump Administration
2017
Had republican controlled congress
Tried to repeal/replace ACA and failed
Repealing the ACA in 2016
would leave 22 million people with a loss of insurance coverage by 2018
Determined by Congressional Budget Office
American Health Care Act (AHCA)
2017
Trump administration supported
Congressional Budget Office determined 52 million people left uninsured and those with insurance
would have higher premiums by 2020
,Passed by the house of 217 votes compared to 213
Senate rejected
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
passed and signed into law 2017
repealed ACA mandate for required coverage
United States GDP
Gross Domestic Product
16.9%
2018
leading country for overall and per capita measures
WHO Report 2018
US ranked 37 among 191 countries for healthcare
US healthcare performance 2014
ranked behind 10 other industrialized countries
basis of quality, efficiency, access, equity, and health outcome measures
WHO definition of health
Not merely the absence of disease or infirmity but a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being.
Public health issues
according to WHO definition of health is issues such as poverty lack of education, discrimination, and
other social, cultural, and political conditions.
, Life Expectancy
most common measure of physical health
positive health status vs. lack of health/incidence of poor health
most frequent indicators: mortality, morbidity and disability
anticipated number of years of life remaining at a given age
Quality-adjusted life years
combines mortality and morbidity
reflects the years of life free of disability and symptoms of illness
mortality
number of deaths in a given population within a specified period
morbidity
incidence or prevalence of diseases in a given population within a specified period
disability
physical or mental condition that limits an individuals ability to perform functions considered normal
Mental health measures
1. mental conditions: depression, disorder, distress
2. behaviors: suicide, drug/alcohol abuse
3. perceptions: mental status
4. satisfaction: with life, work, relationships
5. services received: counseling, drug treatment
Mental illness ranked
