Anatomy & Physiology
General Terminology body planes:
Important terms: sagittal plane: divide the body
into left and right
Superior- above oblique plane: divide at an angle
Inferior- below frontal plane: divide body into front and back
Anterior- facing toward transverse plane: divides body into top &
Posterior- toward the back bottom
Medial- toward the midline
Lateral- towards the sides
Proximal- closer to the point of attachment
Distal- father away from the point of attachment
Major Body Cavities:
Dorsal cavity: includes the cranial & spinal cavities
Ventral cavity: includes the orbits & the nasal,
oral, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities.
Histology
Histology: the study of tissues 4 fundamental tissues:
Tissue: a group of cells that act epithelial tissue: covers, lines, & protects the
Together to perform specific body & its internal organs.
Functions. Connective tissue: the framework of the body
provides support & structure to the organs.
Parts of the cell: Nerve Tissue: composed of neurons & neuroglia
Cell: the basic unit of life Muscle Tissue: has the ability to connect or
& the building block of tissues/ shorten. Classified as voluntary or involuntary
organs.
Nucleus: contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Ribosomes: important in synthesis of proteins
Protein: include enzymes that regulate all
chemical reactions within the body.
Mitosis & Meiosis
Mitosis is necessary for growth Meiosis is the special cell division that
& repair takes place in the gonads. In this process
In its process, the DNA is duplicated the chromosome # is reduced from 46 to
& distributed between two daughter 23, so when the egg + sperm unite the
cells Zygote will have the correct # of
chromosomes.
General Terminology body planes:
Important terms: sagittal plane: divide the body
into left and right
Superior- above oblique plane: divide at an angle
Inferior- below frontal plane: divide body into front and back
Anterior- facing toward transverse plane: divides body into top &
Posterior- toward the back bottom
Medial- toward the midline
Lateral- towards the sides
Proximal- closer to the point of attachment
Distal- father away from the point of attachment
Major Body Cavities:
Dorsal cavity: includes the cranial & spinal cavities
Ventral cavity: includes the orbits & the nasal,
oral, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities.
Histology
Histology: the study of tissues 4 fundamental tissues:
Tissue: a group of cells that act epithelial tissue: covers, lines, & protects the
Together to perform specific body & its internal organs.
Functions. Connective tissue: the framework of the body
provides support & structure to the organs.
Parts of the cell: Nerve Tissue: composed of neurons & neuroglia
Cell: the basic unit of life Muscle Tissue: has the ability to connect or
& the building block of tissues/ shorten. Classified as voluntary or involuntary
organs.
Nucleus: contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Ribosomes: important in synthesis of proteins
Protein: include enzymes that regulate all
chemical reactions within the body.
Mitosis & Meiosis
Mitosis is necessary for growth Meiosis is the special cell division that
& repair takes place in the gonads. In this process
In its process, the DNA is duplicated the chromosome # is reduced from 46 to
& distributed between two daughter 23, so when the egg + sperm unite the
cells Zygote will have the correct # of
chromosomes.
