PSY 379 Exam 5 | Questions with Verified Answers

PSY 379 Exam 5 | Questions with Verified Answers All of these coping behaviors EXCEPT _____ are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease: Distraction Research has linked Type D personality to a cluster of traits that combine: depression with high levels of anxiety. With regard to serum cholesterol levels and risk of CVD, research suggests that: even people with low levels of total cholesterol are at increased risk if the proportions of HDL and LDL are faulty Which of these is an effect of stress on the cardiovascular system? increased release of epinephrine and cortisol Gender differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality may be due to the fact that: testosterone has been linked with aggression and other behaviors that contribute to heart disease. The lifestyle modifications required to keep diabetes under control essentially involve: self-management. Psychological stress may directly contribute to the development of diabetes by triggering: abnormal changes in blood sugar levels. Which of these statements about the Type D personality is FALSE? Type D individuals are at lower risk for CVD than Type A individuals. Inflammation in the circulating blood, which is called _____, can contribute to ____ systemic inflammation; atherogenesis The thick, middle layer of the heart muscle itself is the: myocardium. Which is NOT a proposed explanation for how hostility and other forms of negative affect are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease? the psychosocial vulnerability hypothesis Cardiovascular disease takes the lives of _____ as many women as does breast cancer. five times Researchers have suggested that the prevalence of hypertension among African Americans: reflects their greater cardiovascular reactivity to challenging situations. Which of these is considered a controllable risk factor for cardiovascular disease? Hypertension All of these are central to the establishment of effective hostility reduction interventions EXCEPT: hostile people are more likely to have stress-busting resources. Which of these has NOT been empirically found to provide beneficial effects for recovery in heart surgery patients? strenuous physical therapy Recent research that investigated the Type A behavior pattern has found that _____ may be the most crucial factor in predicting coronary disease. Hostility Which ethnic group has been found to experience the highest rates of hypertension? African Americans A blood pressure of 170/100 in an adult would be diagnosed as: Hypertension Restriction of blood flow and oxygen to the cerebrum results in: a stroke "Hardening of the arteries" describes the disease known as: Arteriosclerosis John Henryism refers to a: style of coping Angel, who is 35, has developed an endocrine disorder in which his body is insensitive to insulin. Angel most likely has: Type 2 diabetes Why do many patients fail to adhere to prescribed treatment regimens for hypertension? Hypertension is often symptom-free The term that Friedman and Rosenman used to describe competitive, hurried, hostile people who may be at increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease is: Type A Which of these is NOT an example of benefit finding? "I need to take better care of myself from now on, so this doesn't happen again." Effective weight management is particularly important for patients with diabetes because: it improves the body's ability to regulate glucose. Type 1 diabetes: is an autoimmune disease in which the person's immune system attacks the insulin- and glucagon-producing cells of the pancreas Hyperglycemia describes a condition of: too much glucose in the blood Hypnosis, biofeedback, progressive muscle relaxation, and other multifaceted interventions used for cancer patients stem from the field of: psychoneuroimmunology. Lydia, a premenopausal woman, is obese. Compared to other women, Lydia is: less likely to develop breast cancer than women who are not obese Who is LEAST likely to have had a prostate cancer screening in the past five years? Luis, a Hispanic American male More than 90% of all skin cancers are attributable to exposure from which of these sources? ultraviolet B rays Tricia is asked to find a comfortable position, close her eyes, and take several deep breaths. She is then asked to visualize a safe place. What type of therapy is Tricia MOST likely undergoing? guided imagery Which statement related to the association between depression and cancer is TRUE? Depression can be both a risk factor for cancer and a result of a cancer diagnosis Regarding the merits of encouraging cancer patients to openly express their emotions, most health psychologists believe that: by openly expressing their stresses and fears, cancer patients can enhance their physical and psychological health. Which of these benefits is NOT attributed to exercise as an intervention for cancer patients? improved immune function Which breast cancer survivor is MOST likely to report the most difficulties with emotional functioning? Alyssa, a Filipina patient Ito was diagnosed with a cancer of the lymphatic system in which malignant cells are found at several sites. Ito was MOST likely diagnosed with: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. With which technique does a patient learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing situations? systematic desensitization What does data regarding the efficacy of expressive writing suggest? Data has yielded mixed results regarding the efficacy of expressive writing as a therapeutic intervention Most cancer deaths in the United States are attributed to: behavioral factors. Which statement regarding radiation and cancer risk is empirically supported? Ultraviolet B rays can damage DNA and are responsible for more than 90% of all skin cancers The most common type of cancer is: Carcinoma Data from the Nurses' Health Study revealed that the risk of breast cancer was lower in women who: abstained from drinking alcohol According to the immune surveillance theory, when the immune system is overwhelmed by cancer cells or weakened by stress: the activity of NK cells is suppressed. Based on the information provided in the textbook, it can be definitively stated that: epidemiological studies have provided the basis for a correlational relationship, not a causal relationship, between dietary group differences and cancer risk. Lung cancer is at the top of cancer mortality for: both men and women.