Maternal and Child Practice Exam
3- 50 Questions and Answers
When providing postoperative care for the child with a cleft palate, the nurse
should position the child in which of the following positions?
A On the side
B Prone
C In an infant seat
D Supine - -Prone
Postoperatively children with cleft palate should be placed on their
abdomens to facilitate drainage. If the child is placed in the supine position,
he or she may aspirate. Using an infant seat does not facilitate drainage.
Side-lying does not facilitate drainage as well as the prone position.
- Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess in a child with
celiac disease having a celiac crisis secondary to an upper respiratory
infection?
A Watery diarrhea
B Respiratory distress
C Weight gain
D Lethargy - -Watery diarrhea
Episodes of celiac crises are precipitated by infections, ingestion of gluten,
prolonged fasting, or exposure to anticholinergic drugs. Celiac crisis is
typically characterized by severe watery diarrhea. Respiratory distress is
unlikely in a routine upper respiratory infection. Irritability, rather than
lethargy, is more likely. Because of the fluid loss associated with the severe
watery diarrhea, the child's weight is more likely to be decreased.
- Which of the following would the nurse do first for a 3-year-old boy who
arrives in the emergency room with a temperature of 105 degrees,
inspiratory stridor, and restlessness, who is learning forward and drooling?
A Auscultate his lungs and place him in a mist tent.
B Have him lie down and rest after encouraging fluids.
C Examine his throat and perform a throat culture
D Notify the physician immediately and prepare for intubation. - -Notify the
physician immediately and prepare for intubation.
The child is exhibiting classic signs of epiglottitis, always a pediatric
emergency. The physician must be notified immediately and the nurse must
be prepared for an emergency intubation or tracheostomy. Further
assessment with auscultating lungs and placing the child in a mist tent
,wastes valuable time. The situation is a possible life-threatening emergency.
Having the child lie down would cause additional distress and may result in
respiratory arrest. Throat examination may result in laryngospasm that could
be fatal.
- Which of the following toys should the nurse recommend for a 5-month-
old?
A A colorful busy box
B A big red balloon
C A teddy bear with button eyes
D A push-pull wooden truck - -A colorful busy box
A busy box facilitates the fine motor development that occurs between 4 and
6 months. Balloons are contraindicated because small children may aspirate
balloons. Because the button eyes of a teddy bear may detach and be
aspirated, this toy is unsafe for children younger than 3 years. A 5-month-old
is too young to use a push-pull toy.
- When assessing a child with a cleft palate, the nurse is aware that the child
is at risk for more frequent episodes of otitis media due to which of the
following?
A Plugging of the Eustachian tubes with food particles
B Associated congenital defects of the middle ear.
C Lowered resistance from malnutrition
D Ineffective functioning of the Eustachian tubes - -Ineffective functioning of
the Eustachian tubes
Because of the structural defect, children with cleft palate may have
ineffective functioning of their Eustachian tubes creating frequent bouts of
otitis media. Most children with cleft palate remain well-nourished and
maintain adequate nutrition through the use of proper feeding techniques.
Food particles do not pass through the cleft and into the Eustachian tubes.
There is no association between cleft palate and congenial ear deformities.
- Which of the following best describes parallel play between two toddlers?
A Sharing crayons to color separate pictures
B Sitting near each other while playing with separate dolls
C Playing a board game with a nurse
D Sharing their dolls with two different nurses - -Sitting near each other
while playing with separate dolls
Rationale:
, Toddlers engaging in parallel play will play near each other, but not with
each other. Thus, when two toddlers sit near each other but play with
separate dolls, they are exhibiting parallel play. Sharing crayons, playing a
board game with a nurse, or sharing dolls with two different nurses are all
examples of cooperative play.
- The adolescent's inability to develop a sense of who he is and what he can
become results in a sense of which of the following?
A Role diffusion
B Guilt
C Inferiority
D Shame - -Role diffusion
Rationale:
According to Erikson, role diffusion develops when the adolescent does not
develop a sense of identity and a sense or where he fits in. Toddlers develop
a sense of shame when they do not achieve autonomy. Preschoolers develop
a sense of guilt when they do not develop a sense of initiative. School-
agechildren develop a sense of inferiority when they do not develop a sense
of industry.
- Which of the following would the nurse need to keep in mind as a
predisposing factor when formulating a teaching plan for child with a urinary
tract infection?
A Frequent emptying of the bladder
B A shorter urethra in females
C Ingestion of acidic juices
D Increased fluid intake - -A shorter urethra in females
Rationale:
In females, the urethra is shorter than in males. This decreases the distance
for organisms to travel, thereby increasing the chance of the child
developing a urinary tract infection. Frequent emptying of the bladder would
help to decrease urinary tract infections by avoiding sphincter stress.
Increased fluid intake enables the bladder to be cleared more frequently,
thus helping to prevent urinary tract infections. The intake of acidic juices
helps to keep the urine pH acidic and thus decrease the chance of flora
development.
- Which of the following is being used when the mother of a hospitalized
child calls the student nurse and states, "You idiot, you have no idea how to
care for my sick child"?
A Displacement
B Psychosis
3- 50 Questions and Answers
When providing postoperative care for the child with a cleft palate, the nurse
should position the child in which of the following positions?
A On the side
B Prone
C In an infant seat
D Supine - -Prone
Postoperatively children with cleft palate should be placed on their
abdomens to facilitate drainage. If the child is placed in the supine position,
he or she may aspirate. Using an infant seat does not facilitate drainage.
Side-lying does not facilitate drainage as well as the prone position.
- Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess in a child with
celiac disease having a celiac crisis secondary to an upper respiratory
infection?
A Watery diarrhea
B Respiratory distress
C Weight gain
D Lethargy - -Watery diarrhea
Episodes of celiac crises are precipitated by infections, ingestion of gluten,
prolonged fasting, or exposure to anticholinergic drugs. Celiac crisis is
typically characterized by severe watery diarrhea. Respiratory distress is
unlikely in a routine upper respiratory infection. Irritability, rather than
lethargy, is more likely. Because of the fluid loss associated with the severe
watery diarrhea, the child's weight is more likely to be decreased.
- Which of the following would the nurse do first for a 3-year-old boy who
arrives in the emergency room with a temperature of 105 degrees,
inspiratory stridor, and restlessness, who is learning forward and drooling?
A Auscultate his lungs and place him in a mist tent.
B Have him lie down and rest after encouraging fluids.
C Examine his throat and perform a throat culture
D Notify the physician immediately and prepare for intubation. - -Notify the
physician immediately and prepare for intubation.
The child is exhibiting classic signs of epiglottitis, always a pediatric
emergency. The physician must be notified immediately and the nurse must
be prepared for an emergency intubation or tracheostomy. Further
assessment with auscultating lungs and placing the child in a mist tent
,wastes valuable time. The situation is a possible life-threatening emergency.
Having the child lie down would cause additional distress and may result in
respiratory arrest. Throat examination may result in laryngospasm that could
be fatal.
- Which of the following toys should the nurse recommend for a 5-month-
old?
A A colorful busy box
B A big red balloon
C A teddy bear with button eyes
D A push-pull wooden truck - -A colorful busy box
A busy box facilitates the fine motor development that occurs between 4 and
6 months. Balloons are contraindicated because small children may aspirate
balloons. Because the button eyes of a teddy bear may detach and be
aspirated, this toy is unsafe for children younger than 3 years. A 5-month-old
is too young to use a push-pull toy.
- When assessing a child with a cleft palate, the nurse is aware that the child
is at risk for more frequent episodes of otitis media due to which of the
following?
A Plugging of the Eustachian tubes with food particles
B Associated congenital defects of the middle ear.
C Lowered resistance from malnutrition
D Ineffective functioning of the Eustachian tubes - -Ineffective functioning of
the Eustachian tubes
Because of the structural defect, children with cleft palate may have
ineffective functioning of their Eustachian tubes creating frequent bouts of
otitis media. Most children with cleft palate remain well-nourished and
maintain adequate nutrition through the use of proper feeding techniques.
Food particles do not pass through the cleft and into the Eustachian tubes.
There is no association between cleft palate and congenial ear deformities.
- Which of the following best describes parallel play between two toddlers?
A Sharing crayons to color separate pictures
B Sitting near each other while playing with separate dolls
C Playing a board game with a nurse
D Sharing their dolls with two different nurses - -Sitting near each other
while playing with separate dolls
Rationale:
, Toddlers engaging in parallel play will play near each other, but not with
each other. Thus, when two toddlers sit near each other but play with
separate dolls, they are exhibiting parallel play. Sharing crayons, playing a
board game with a nurse, or sharing dolls with two different nurses are all
examples of cooperative play.
- The adolescent's inability to develop a sense of who he is and what he can
become results in a sense of which of the following?
A Role diffusion
B Guilt
C Inferiority
D Shame - -Role diffusion
Rationale:
According to Erikson, role diffusion develops when the adolescent does not
develop a sense of identity and a sense or where he fits in. Toddlers develop
a sense of shame when they do not achieve autonomy. Preschoolers develop
a sense of guilt when they do not develop a sense of initiative. School-
agechildren develop a sense of inferiority when they do not develop a sense
of industry.
- Which of the following would the nurse need to keep in mind as a
predisposing factor when formulating a teaching plan for child with a urinary
tract infection?
A Frequent emptying of the bladder
B A shorter urethra in females
C Ingestion of acidic juices
D Increased fluid intake - -A shorter urethra in females
Rationale:
In females, the urethra is shorter than in males. This decreases the distance
for organisms to travel, thereby increasing the chance of the child
developing a urinary tract infection. Frequent emptying of the bladder would
help to decrease urinary tract infections by avoiding sphincter stress.
Increased fluid intake enables the bladder to be cleared more frequently,
thus helping to prevent urinary tract infections. The intake of acidic juices
helps to keep the urine pH acidic and thus decrease the chance of flora
development.
- Which of the following is being used when the mother of a hospitalized
child calls the student nurse and states, "You idiot, you have no idea how to
care for my sick child"?
A Displacement
B Psychosis
