CEN Practice Exam 1 All Answers Correct

CEN Practice Exam 1 All Answers Correct What is the initial management for a patient presenting with a suspected stroke? The initial management includes ensuring airway patency, providing supplemental oxygen, obtaining a CT scan or MRI to confirm the type of stroke, and initiating thrombolytic therapy if within the appropriate time window for ischemic stroke. ️️ What are the key signs of a myocardial infarction? Key signs include chest pain (often described as crushing or pressure-like), radiating pain to the arm, neck, or jaw, shortness of breath, diaphoresis (sweating), and nausea. ️️ How should you manage a patient with a large open wound on the leg? The first step is to control bleeding with direct pressure, followed by covering the wound with a sterile dressing, and immobilizing the leg to prevent further injury. Administer IV fluids if necessary to manage shock. ️️ What is the primary concern for a patient with an overdose of narcotics? The primary concern is respiratory depression. Immediate interventions include securing the airway, administering naloxone (Narcan) as an opioid antagonist, and supporting ventilation if necessary. ️️ How do you recognize and manage a tension pneumothorax? Signs include severe shortness of breath, tracheal deviation, hypotension, and absent breath sounds on the affected side. Immediate management involves needle decompression to release trapped air, followed by chest tube insertion. ️️ What is the first priority when managing a patient with burns covering more than 20% of body surface area? The first priority is to secure the airway and initiate fluid resuscitation to prevent shock, using lactated Ringer’s solution according to the Parkland formula for fluid replacement. ️️ How should a nurse assess a patient for internal bleeding after trauma? Assess for signs of shock (hypotension, tachycardia, decreased urine output), abdominal tenderness, distension, or bruising. Immediate imaging and possible surgical intervention may be necessary. ️️ What is the most important nursing action for a patient with a possible pelvic fracture? The most important action is to stabilize the pelvis using a pelvic binder or other immobilization devices to prevent further injury to vital structures and reduce bleeding. ️️ What should you do if a patient presents with a suspected spinal cord injury? The first step is to stabilize the spine using a cervical collar and immobilization device, followed by a full assessment of the patient's neurological status and preparation for transport to a facility capable of advanced spinal care. ️️ How should a nurse manage a patient with acute respiratory failure? Management includes providing supplemental oxygen to maintain oxygen saturation levels, monitoring respiratory status, and preparing for potential mechanical ventilation if necessary. ️️ What are the signs of hypovolemic shock in a trauma patient? Signs of hypovolemic shock include rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, pale or cool skin, decreased urine output, and altered mental status. ️️ What is the role of a nurse when a patient is experiencing an asthma attack? The nurse should administer bronchodilators such as albuterol, provide supplemental oxygen, and monitor respiratory status closely. If the patient’s condition worsens, prepare for possible advanced airway management. ️️ How should you manage a patient with a suspected heart failure exacerbation? Management includes administering oxygen to relieve hypoxia, diuretics to reduce fluid overload, and monitoring vital signs and lung sounds for signs of worsening fluid retention. ️️ What is the first intervention for a patient with severe allergic reaction to a bee sting? The first intervention is to administer intramuscular epinephrine immediately, followed by antihistamines, corticosteroids, and oxygen if needed to support respiratory function. ️️ What should be done for a patient who has suffered a traumatic amputation? The first step is to control bleeding by applying direct pressure, elevate the affected limb if possible, and wrap the amputated part in a sterile dressing and place it on ice for transport to a medical facility. ️️ How would you assess a patient with a suspected stroke who is unable to speak? The nurse should assess for facial drooping, arm weakness, and an altered level of consciousness using the FAST (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) approach to identify signs of a stroke and determine appropriate interventions. ️️ What is the priority for managing a patient with a gunshot wound to the abdomen? The priority is to control bleeding, prevent further contamination by covering the wound with a sterile dressing, provide pain relief, and prepare for surgical intervention. ️️ What is the nursing priority when caring for a patient with acute appendicitis? The priority is to monitor for signs of rupture (such as a sudden decrease in pain and fever), provide pain management, and prepare the patient for possible surgery. ️️ What is the recommended intervention for a patient with heatstroke?